螨类耐寒性及其机理研究进展

Research progress on mite cold tolerance and its mechanism

耐寒性的高低极大程度上影响螨类的越冬存活以及分布扩散情况。螨类耐寒性评估的主要指标是过冷却点以及低温胁迫下的致死温度和致死时间。螨类耐寒性通常具有可塑性,不同发育时期、滞育、季节变化以及冷驯化均会影响耐寒性,而耐寒性的变化涉及复杂的分子水平以及生理生化物质的变化。本文简要介绍了目前评估螨类耐寒性的生物学指标以及影响螨类的耐寒性的因素,总结了螨类耐寒性变化所涉及的生理生化和分子机制,探讨了目前螨类耐寒性需要进一步研究的科学问题,并对螨类耐寒性研究的生态学意义进行了展望。以期对螨类耐寒性的深入研究提供参考,促进害螨的综合防治和天敌捕食螨的开发利用。

Cold tolerance greatly influences the overwintering survival and distribution of mites.The major indicators of cold tolerance for mites are the supercooling point and lethal temperature and time under low temperature.Cold tolerance of mite is plastic,which is affected by developmental stage,diapause,seasonal changes,and cold acclimation.However,the change of cold tolerance involves the complex changes of molecular level and the physiology-biochemical substance.Firstly,this paper briefly introduces the biological indicators for evaluating the cold tolerance of mites and the factors affecting the cold tolerance of mites.Then,it summarizes the physiological,biochemical,and molecular mechanisms relate to the change of mite's cold tolerance.Furthermore,the problems that need to be further studied were discussed,and the ecological significance of the study on mite cold tolerance was prospected.It is expected to provide the reference for the deep study of mite cold tolerance,thus promoting the integrated control of harmful mites and the utilization of predatory mites.