不同消毒方法对家蚕微粒子的存活和侵染力影响

Effects of different disinfection methods on the survival and infectivity of Nosema bombycis

家蚕微粒子病是家蚕Bombyx mori的重要病害,探索其消毒杀灭方法对蚕业生产具有重要意义。本研究采用微粒子染色法和添食家蚕侵染法测试了温度、紫外线和消毒剂处理108个/mL家蚕微粒子后对家蚕微粒子的消杀作用,结果表明:温度对家蚕微粒子虫灭活温度为60℃处理30 min以上;使用20 wx功率紫外灯距离50 cm照射12 min及以上时,微粒子死亡率为47.70%,对家蚕侵染率为0;三氯异氰脲酸800 mg/L及以上浓度处理6 min以上家蚕微粒子死亡率为100%,对家蚕的侵染率为0;戊二醛癸甲溴铵200 mg/L及以上浓度处理6 min以上家蚕微粒子死亡率为100%,对家蚕的侵染率为0。3种消毒方法中温度法主要用于小型蚕具消杀微粒子;紫外线用于蚕业辅助设施的表面微粒子的消杀;三氯异氰脲酸和戊二醛癸甲溴铵均表现出较好的消杀效果,其中戊二醛癸甲溴铵较含氯的消毒剂三氯异氰脲酸稳定性强,刺激性小,对养蚕的金属腐蚀性小,可作为含氯消毒剂的部分替代使用。本研究结果可为蚕业生产中消杀微粒子提供参考。

Pebrine is an important disease of silkworm.It is of great significance to explore the disinfection methods on Nosema bombycis for sericulture.108/mL concentration of nb were treated by temperature,uv and disinfectant methods.The inactivation of particles by three disinfection methods was tested by staining method and feeding silkworm method.The results showed the highest temperature tolerated to nb was more than 60℃,and the treatment time was more than 30 min.The UV lamp with 20 WX power was irradiated at a distance of 50 cm time more than 12 min,the mortality rate of nb was 47.70%,and the infection rate of silkworm was 0.Treatment with 800 mg/L trichloroisocynuric and 200 mg/L glutaral and deciquam solution for more than 6 min,the mortality rate of nb was 100%,and the infection rate of silkworm was 0.Three methods of disinfection of high temperature method is mainly used for sericulture appliance disinfection nb.The uv can be used disinfect the surface nb on sericulture facilities.Glutaral and deciquam solution armour bromide relatively strong chlorine disinfectants light stability than trichloroisocynuric,stimulation and corrosion resistance is small,can be used as a substitute for part of chlorine disinfectants.This research can provide reference for the sericultural production disinfection nb.