正负压效应下岩溶土洞致塌机理綜述与浅析

Research Progress and Analysis of Collapse Disaster Mechanism of Karst Soil Cavern Based on Positive and Negative Pressure Effect

正压效应和负压效应分别是岩溶区岩溶水强烈波动导致岩溶塌陷的产物,是诱发岩溶塌陷重要原因之一。由于其塌陷过程往往具有“时间上突发”、“空间上隐蔽”、“机制上复杂”等特征,严重影响到岩溶区人民生命财产安全,因此梳理正负压效应下岩溶土洞致塌过程中的潜在力学作用、破坏机理及临界预警条件的国内外研究现状,具有非常重要的意义。本文在查阅大量文献资料基础上,回顾国内外研究状况,探析了目前岩溶土洞塌陷预警预测方面存在的问题,提出正负压效应形成的气压差可作为一种新的预警手段,对深化岩溶土洞塌陷灾害防治相关理论的研究具有重要的科研价值。

Positive pressure effect and negative pressure effect are the products of karst collapse caused by strong fluctuation of karst water in karst area respectively,and are one of the important reasons for inducing karst collapse.Since the collapse process is often characterized by"sudden in time","hidden in space"and"complex in mechanism",which seriously affects the safety of people's life and property in karst areas.It is of great significance to sort out the domestic and foreign research status of the potential mechanical action,failure mechanism and critical warning conditions in the collapse process of karst soil caves under positive and negative pressure effects.Based on a large number of literatures,this paper reviews the research status at home and abroad,analyzes the existing problems in the early warning and prediction of karst soil cave collapse,and proposes that the pressure difference formed by positive and negative pressure effects can be used as a new early warning means,which has important scientific research value for deepening the research on related theories of karst soil cave collapse disaster prevention.