L-苏氨酸醛缩酶:C-C键手性合成的绿色催化剂

L-Threonine aldolase:a green catalyst for chiral synthesis of C-C bond

L-苏氨酸醛缩酶(LTA)是一种重要的生物催化剂,能够催化醛和甘氨酸生成β羟基α氨基酸。因为β羟基α氨基酸具有两个手性中心,是重要的手性砌块,广泛应用于医药、食品和农业等领域。利用LTA催化手性C—C键合成反应原子经济性高,符合绿色可持续发展理念,是目前的研究热点之一。但是,野生LTA存在非对映体选择性不高、酶活低及稳定性差等缺点,限制了其在手性合成中的应用。近年来,利用LTA合成高价值手性化学品的理论研究和工业应用取得了重大突破。基于此,本文综述了LTA新酶挖掘、机制解析、分子改造和手性砌块合成等方面的最新研究进展,为LTA的深入研究和工业应用提供思路和借鉴。

L-Threonine aldolase(LTA),as an important biocatalyst,can catalyze the condensation of aldehydes and glycine to generateβ-hydroxy-α-amino acids with two chiral centers,which are very useful chiral building blocks in the fields of pharmaceuticals,food,and agriculture.The application of LTA in catalyzing the formation of chiral C—C bonds is one of the current research hotspotsdue to its green and atom-economical principles.However,some drawbacks of LTA,such as low enantioselectivity,low activity,and poor stability,limited its application in the synthesis of chiral compounds.In recent years,significant breakthroughs were achieved in theoretical studies and industrial applications with regard to the synthesis of high-value chiral chemicals using LTA.Herein,we reviewed the latest research progress on the new enzyme exploration,molecular modifications,and synthesis of chiral building blocks using LTA,hoping to provide ideas and references for further research and industrial application of LTA.