中国大学生心理韧性水平变迁的横断历史研究

A cross-temporal meta-analysis of changes of resilience level in Chinese college students

目的:探讨我国大学生心理韧性水平在2007-2021年间的变化趋势及性别差异。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方、Web of Science、APA PsycArticles、APA PsycInfo、Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection等数据库,选取以心理韧性量表(CD-RISC)测评大学生的文献,采用横断历史meta分析考察心理韧性水平随时间变化趋势,采用传统meta分析考察心理韧性水平是否存在性别差异。结果:共227篇文献纳入分析。大学生CD-RISC总分、坚韧性维度得分均与年代负向关联(β=-0.33、-0.34,均P<0.01);男生的CD-RISC总分(95%CI:0.07~0.18)及坚韧性(95%CI:0.19~0.23)、乐观性(95%CI:0.08~0.12)、力量性维度(95%CI:0.10~0.14)得分均高于女生。结论:在2007-2021年间,我国大学生以“心理韧性量表”测评的心理韧性水平整体上呈下降趋势,男生的心理韧性水平高于女生。

Objective:To explore the changes and gender difference of psychological resilience in Chinese college students from 2007 to 2021.Methods:By searching the databases of CNKI,Wanfang,Web of Science,APA PsycArticles,APA Psyclnfo,Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection,selecting literatures that measured the resilience of college students with the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC).The changing trend of the re-silience were revealed by cross-temporal meta-analysis,and the gender differences of resilience level were analyzed by meta-analysis.Results:A total of 227 articles were included.Regression analysis showed that the total scores of CD-RISC and tenacity were negatively correlated with year(β=-0.33,-0.34,Ps<0.01).The scores of total CD-RISC(95%CI:0.07-0.18),tenacity(95%CI:0.19-0.23),optimism(95%CI:0.08-0.12)and strength(95%CI:0.10-0.14)were higher in boys than in girls.Conclusion:The study from 2007 to 2021 suggests that the psychological resilience measured with the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scalein Chinese college students shows a downward trend,and the psychological resilience may be higher in male students than in female students.