过敏性鼻炎的“三阴三阳”体质分布规律研究

A study on the distribution law of“three Yin and three Yang”constitution in allergic rhinitis

目的:研究过敏性鼻炎的“三阴三阳”体质分布规律,以指导该病的治疗与预防。方法:选取2021年5月―2022年6月就诊于菏泽医学专科学校附属医院中医科的过敏性鼻炎患者92例,以赵进喜教授三阴三阳体质理论为指导,运用三阴三阳体质初量表进行问卷调查,通过量表分析进行体质评定,并建立Excel数据库,应用SPSS软件进行数据统计。结果:太阳体质占比44.57%(41/92),少阳体质占比16.30%(15/92),阳明体质占比6.52%(6/92),太阴体质占比10.87%(10/92),少阴体质占比3.26%(3/92),厥阴体质占比18.48%(17/92)。最常见的亚型为:太阳乙型>太阳甲型>太阳丙型>厥阴乙型=少阳甲型。根据性别分类,男性最常见体质为太阳体质(42.5%),其次为太阴体质(20.0%),女性最常见体质为太阳体质(46.2%),其次为少阳体质(23.1%)。根据年龄分层,青年组太阳体质最多(51.28%),中年组少阳体质最多(33.33%),老年组共2例,均为厥阴体质(100.00%)。六种体质的性别、年龄分层差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:过敏性鼻炎最常见体质类型为太阳、厥阴、少阳三种。青年人患该病常与太阳经受邪有关;中年人常与压力较大、气机郁滞相关;老年人最常见厥阴体质。另外,六种体质类型在不同性别间分布有差异。过敏性鼻炎患者太阳体质最多,预防及治疗时应侧重扶正固表、调和营卫、防止受邪,用药可以玉屏风散合方治疗,亦当注重调畅气机、疏利肝胆。同时,辨体质-辨病-辨证相结合能提高辨证准确性。

OObjective:To study the distribution law of“three Yin(阴)and three Yang(阳)”constitution in allergic rhinitis patients,with a prospect of guiding the treatment and prevention of this disease.Methods:A total of 92 patients with allergic rhinitis admitted to the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Heze Medical College from May 2021 to June 2022 were selected.Guided by Professor ZHAO Jinxi’s theory of three Yin and three Yang constitution,questionnaire survey was conducted using the Initial Scale of Three Yin and Three Yang Constitution.Physical fitness assessment was conducted through scale analysis,and an Excel database was established.SPSS software was used for data statistics.Results:The proportion of Taiyang(太阳)constitution was 44.57%(41/92).The proportion of Shaoyang(少阳)constitution was 16.30%(15/92).The proportion of Yangming(阳明)constitution was 6.52%(6/92).The proportion of Taiyin(太阴)constitution was 10.87%(10/92).The proportion of Shaoyin(少阴)constitution was 3.26%(3/92).The proportion of Jueyin(厥阴)constitution was 18.48%(17/92).The most common subtypes were:Taiyang type B>Taiyang type A>Taiyang type C>Jueyin type B=Shaoyang type A.According to gender group,among the males,the most common constitution was Taiyang constitution(42.5%),which was followed by Taiyin constitution(20.0%).Among the females,the most common constitution was Taiyang constitution(46.2%),which was followed by Shaoyang constitution(23.1%).According to age stratification,in the youth group,Taiyang constitution was the most(51.28%).In the middle-aged group,Shaoyang constitution was the most(33.33%),and there were 2 cases in the elderly group,all of which were Jueyin constitution(100.00%).There were significant differences in gender and age stratification among the six constitutions(P<0.05).Conclusion:The most common constitutional types of allergic rhinitis were Taiyang constitution,Jueyin constitution,and Shaoyang constitution.The disease in young people was related to pathogenic factors invading Taiyang meridian.The disease in middle-aged people was related to stagnation of Qi(气)due to pressure of life.Among elderly people,Jueyin constitution is the most common.In addition,there are differences in the distribution of the six constitutions in different genders.Among allergic rhinitis patients,Taiyang constitution is the most common.In prevention and treatment,emphasis should be placed on strengthening vital Qi,consolidation of exterior,harmonizing Yingqi(营气)and Weiqi(卫气)and prevent pathogenic factor.Yupingfeng San(玉屏风散)could be choosed for treatment.Secondly,regulating qi and benefitting liver and gallbladder should also be valued.At the same time,the combination of differentiation of constitution,disease and diagnosis can improve the accuracy of syndrome differentiation.