中医特色饮食管理对骨科老年卧床患者术后病情恢复及营养状况的干预作用

Intervention Effect of TCM Characteristic Diet Management on Postoperative Recovery and Nutritional Status of Elderly Bedridden Patients in Orthopedics Department

目的探讨中医特色饮食管理对骨科老年卧床患者术后病情恢复及营养状况的干预作用。方法回顾性分析2018年10月至2020年10月我院收治的116例骨科老年卧床患者的临床资料,根据入院时间分为对照组(n=58)和观察组(n=58),分别采取常规管理、常规饮食管理+中医特色饮食管理,两组均干预8周。统计两组遵医行为、不良事件、病情康复指标、护理满意度,对比两组干预前后的营养状况、肢体功能及日常生活能力。结果观察组不良事件发生率低于对照组,遵医率及护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05);干预8周后,观察组体质量丢失、饮食变化、活动能力、BMI评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组首次排便时间、首次排气时间、住院时间短于对照组,术后3 d饮食摄入量大于对照组(P<0.05);干预8周后,两组Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分量表(FMA)及日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评分高于干预前(P<0.05)。结论中医特色饮食管理可减少骨科老年卧床患者术后不良事件,提高遵医率,改善营养状况,促进病情恢复。

Objective To explore the intervention effect of traditional Chinese medicine special diet management on postoperative recovery and nutritional status of elderly bedridden patients in orthopedics.Methods The clinical data of 116 elderly bedridden orthopedic patients in our hospital from October 2018 to October 2020 were retrospectively collected.According to the time of admission,they were divided into a control group(n=58)and an observation group(n=58).The control group received routine diet management,the observation group received routine diet management and TCM characteristic diet management,both intervened for 8 weeks.Statistics of two groups of medical compliance behaviors,adverse events,illness rehabilitation indicators,and nursing satisfaction were compared,and the nutritional status,limb function and ability of daily living before and after the intervention were compared.Results The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was lower than that of the control group,and the compliance rate and nursing satisfaction were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);The weight loss,diet changes,activity ability,and BMI scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control after 8 weeks of intervention group(P<0.05);The observation group's first defecation time,first exhaust time,and hospital stay were shorter than those of the control group,and the dietary intake 3 days after surgery was greater than that of the control group(P<0.05);after 8 weeks of intervention,the two groups had FMA and The ADL score was higher than before the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion TCM characteristic diet management can reduce postoperative adverse events of elderly bedridden patients in orthopedics,increase compliance rate,improve nutritional status,and promote recovery from illness.