论皖南泾县吴语古影母非开口平声字归上的音变原因

On Causes of the Special Tone Change of the Initial Ying in Xuanzhou Wu Dialect in JingXian County in Southern Anhui Province

本文尝试从外部接触和内部结构相结合的角度来分析皖南泾县宣州吴语影母非开口平声字归上这一典型的由内外因共同作用导致的音变现象。研究认为该音变的外因是与明清官话标准音阴平调值趋同;音变内因是方言阴阳平调值接近,当在非开口呼前,奉、微、疑、喻、匣等浊声母变为零声母,与影母字声韵相同时,阴阳平字就有混同的趋势,为保持阴阳平字的区别这一汉语方言中的强势规则,从而推动影母非开口平声字的声调发生变化。

This paper analyzes the causes of the special tone change of the initial“Ying(影母)”in Xuanzhou Wu dialect in Jing county in southern Anhui Province,from the perspective of the combination of external contact and internal structure.The study suggests that the external cause of the tone change is the influence of the“Yin Ping(阴平)”tone number of Ming and Qing mandarin,and the internal causes are as follows.the“Yin Ping”and“Yang Ping(阳平)”tone number in Jing county dialects sound very similar,and when the initials“Feng(奉)、Wei(微)、Yi(疑)、Yu(喻)、Xia(匣)”become Zero consonant before“Kaikou hu”,“Yang Ping”tone of these words will mixed with“Yin Ping”tone of“Ying”words.In order to maintain the difference between“Yin Ping”and“Yang Ping”tone,a strong rule in the Chinese dialects,which promotes the change of the tone.