覆膜机插缓混一次施肥对水稻生长、产量和氮素利用效率的影响

Effects of One-time Fertilization Technology for Mechanized Transplanting Rice with Biodegradable Film Mulching on Growth,Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice

以宁香粳9号为试验材料,于2022年在南京农业大学白马教学科研基地开展试验,研究覆膜机插缓混一次施肥对水稻生长、产量及氮肥吸收利用的影响,为绿色高产的稻作方式提供新的思路。结果表明,缓混肥一次基施(T1)、覆膜缓混肥一次基施(T2)和覆膜尿素两次施用(T3)处理的产量较常规施肥(CK)分别提高6.0%、9.1%和6.5%,但只有T2处理达到显著水平;T2处理植株干物质积累量较CK显著提高12.5%,在分蘖期、拔节期的叶面积指数较CK分别显著提高62.0%、26.7%;T2处理氮肥偏生产力和氮素农学利用率较CK显著提高9.1%和47.7%,氮素利用率较CK提高17.6%。可见,覆膜机插缓混一次施肥具有更高的水稻增产潜力和氮素利用效率。

An experiment was conducted in 2022 to study the effects of one-time fertilization technology for mechanized transplanting rice with biodegradable film mulching on growth,yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice(Ningxiangjing 9),in order to providing new ideas for green and high-yield rice cultivation methods.The results showed that the yield of the one-time basal application of controlled-release blend fertilizer(T1),one-time basal application with biodegradable film mulching of controlled-release blend fertilizer(T2),and twice application with biodegradable film mulching of urea(T3) were increased by 6.0%,9.1% and 6.5% compared with conventional fertilization(CK),respectively,but only T2 treatment reached a significant level.Compared with CK,the dry matter accumulation of T2 treatment was significantly increased by 12.5%.The LAI of T2 treatment at tillering stage and elongating stage were significantly higher than that of CK by 62.0% and 26.7%,respectively.Compared with CK,the NPP and NAE of T2 treatment were significantly increased by 9.1% and 47.7%,the NUE was increased by 17.6%.It can be seen that one-time fertilization technology for mechanized transplanting rice with biodegradable film had a higher yield potential and nitrogen use efficiency.