粮油多熟制种植模式研究进展

Research Progress on the Planting Model of Multiple Cropping of Grain and Oil

近年来,全球不利气候频发,农业生产面临更为严峻的环境条件,保障粮食安全尤为艰巨。多熟制作为我国传统种植模式,有利于均衡利用土壤养分、改善土壤理化性质、调节肥力,从而增产增收。我国幅员辽阔,各地气候、环境各不相同,因地制宜选取轮作技术能有效保障作物产量。本文综述了国内外目前多熟制中轮作制研究进展,分析了轮作带来土壤养分和理化性质改变、微生物群落变化和作物产量提升等方面的研究现状,具体探讨了水稻-大豆轮作技术与现有轮作技术相比的优缺点,以期充分提高土地利用率和作物产量,为水稻-大豆轮作技术推广与应用提供指导。

In recent years,there have been frequent occurrences of adverse weather conditions worldwide,agricultural production faces more severe environmental conditions,ensuring food security is particularly challenging.Multiple cropping is a traditional cultivation mode in China,which is beneficial to balance utilization of soil nutrients,improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and regulate the fertilizer to increase crop yield and farmers income.China is a vast country with different climates and environments.Selecting crop rotation technology according to local condition can effectively ensure crop yield.This paper summarized the global research progress of rotation system in multi-cropping,focusing on the change of soil nutrients,physical and chemical properties,microbial community change,crop yield improvement and other aspects brought by crop rotation,discussed the advantages and disadvantages of rice-soybean rotation with other rotations in order to improve land use efficiency and crop yield,provided theoretical guidance for the popularization and application of rice-soybean rotation.