早熟籼稻低留桩机收再生丰产优质增效栽培技术

Cultivation Technology of Early Indica Rice Mechanized Harvest with Low Stubble Height for High yield,High quality and High Efficiency in Ratoon Rice

针对现有杂交中籼稻高留桩机收再生栽培模式存在头季机收碾压严重、再生季生长期短等导致再生季产量不高、品质差的问题,结合区域生态气候特点和生产实际,创建了以“品种选择、适期早播、氮肥优化管理、干湿交替灌溉、低留桩收割(10~15 cm)”等措施为核心的早熟籼稻低留桩机收再生栽培模式。与杂交中籼稻高留桩机收再生栽培模式相比,新模式将再生季生育期延长了20~30 d,将头季与再生季温光资源的分配率由7∶3提高至6∶4,实现再生稻高产优质与资源高效协同。

Aiming at the problems of shorter growth duration,low grain yield as well poor quality of ratoon rice caused by mechanical rolling in the main crop in medium-duration indica hybrid rice mechanized harvest with high stubble height,we established rice ratooning technology for short-duration varieties harvested mechanically with low stubble height based on the regional climatic conditions and production practices.The planting technology created mainly consisted of the selection of varieties with stronger ratooning ability,early sow,optimized nitrogen management,alternate wetting and drying irrigation and mechanized harvest with a lower stubble height for 10-15 cm.Compared with rice ratooning technology for medium-duration indica hybrid varieties harvested mechanically with high stubble height,the new planting technology prolonged the growth duration of ratoon rice by 20-30 d,and improved the ratio of temperature and radiation resources between the main and ratoon crops from 7∶3 to 6∶4,which realized the highyield,high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of ratoon rice.