基于CFD方法的高线速度齿轮最优喷嘴布置角度设计

Design of Optimal Nozzle Angle for High-Speed Gears Based on CFD Method

齿轮喷油润滑系统润滑效率与喷嘴布置角度、喷油速度等参数有关,但目前的喷嘴布置角度多数采用经验设计,缺乏精确性且时间成本高。针对高线速度齿轮的喷油润滑问题,基于CFD(计算流体力学)方法建立高线速度直齿轮的喷油润滑流体计算模型,对喷油润滑中齿轮旋转产生的气流干涉问题进行分析;通过流场流线图确定最优喷嘴角度:绕入啮合区气流与齿面首个接触点向小齿轮的偏转角度,并研究齿轮传动比和转速等参数对喷嘴角度布置的影响。结果表明:齿轮旋转产生的气流干涉会形成进入啮合区的气流,沿该气流方向布置喷嘴角度相比传统布置方式润滑效率提升了24.4%,齿轮周围气流流动状况和最优喷嘴角度只与齿轮几何结构有关,与工况参数设置无关。

The lubrication efficiency of gear oil injection lubrication system is related to oil injection parameters,gear ratio,nozzle layout and other parameters,but the current nozzle layout angle mostly adopts empirical design,which is lack of accuracy and has high time cost.Aimed at the oil injection lubrication of high linear speed gear,the fluid calculation model of oil injection lubrication of high-speed spur gear was established based on CFD method,and the interference between the airflow generated by the rotation of the gears was analyzed.The optimal nozzle angle was determined by the streamline diagram of the flow field,that is the deflection angle of the flow around the meshing zone and the first contact point of the tooth surface to the pinion.The influence of the gear ratio and rotating speed on the nozzle angle arrangement was studied.The results show that the airflow interference caused by the rotation of the gear creates the airflow into the mesh zone,and the lubrication efficiency of the nozzle angle arranged along this airflow direction is increased by 24.4% compared with the traditional arrangement.The airflow around the gear and the optimal nozzle angle are only related to the gear geometry,but not related to the working condition parameter setting.