系统沉浸vs.心理沉浸——基于三项虚拟现实传播效果实验的综合探讨

System Immersion vs.Perceived Presence—A Comprehensive Discussion Based on Three Experiments of VR Effects

“沉浸感”被定义为电影或电视剧等媒体内容带来的一种心理状态,虚拟现实技术通过提供“身临其境”的感官体验增强了这种状态。本研究立足于三项VR实证研究数据,通过对不同场景及不同年龄群体中虚拟现实的实践应用及传播效果检验,总结出了“沉浸感”在参与者虚拟体验中的关键作用,讨论了“沉浸感”在创造虚拟世界、营造身心临场与唤起共情体验方面的潜力,识别该新形态媒介传播效果发生的认知路线与心理机制。于学术层面,本研究丰富了虚拟现实与沉浸水平的相关理论;于实践层面,对拓展用户体验、构建传播效果的发生模型等方面均有深远的意义。

“Presence”is defined as a mental state brought about by media content such as movies or TV series,and virtual reality technology enhances this state by providing an“immersive”sensory experience.Three VR empirical studies,designed in different scenarios and different age groups,were carried out to summarizes the key role of“immersion”in participants\virtual experience.We also found that“immersion”has the potential and evidence to create a mimetic virtual world via mental presence and arouse empathy experience.This research also identified the cognitive route and psychological mechanism for the effect of this new form of media.In academic terms,it enriches the related theory of virtual reality and immersion,while at a practical level,it has farreaching significance for expanding the user experience and building the occurrence model of the communication effects.