退火温度和冷变形量对动力电池壳用3003铝合金板组织和性能的影响

Effect of annealing temperature and cold deformation on microstructure and properties of 3003 aluminum alloy plate for power battery shell

利用马弗炉、布氏硬度仪、光学显微镜、万能试验机,研究了中间退火温度和冷变形量对动力电池壳用3003铝合金板组织和性能的影响。结果表明,随着中间退火温度的升高,不同冷变形量3003铝合金板的硬度、抗拉强度和屈服强度先下降然后在达到380℃趋于稳定,而伸长率则相反。当退火温度≤200℃,材料的强度均随冷变形量增大而增强。随着退火温度的升高,3003铝合金板的导电率,先缓慢增加后基本稳定不变再快速下降。3003铝合金板的冷变形量为85%时,材料的导电率最高,而当冷变形量为95%时,材料的导电率显著变小。随着退火温度的升高,3003铝合金板的组织由细长的纤维状变为等轴细小的再结晶晶粒。冷变形量越大材料开始再结晶的温度越低,并且再结晶晶粒越细小,而再结晶完成的温度均为380℃。综合考虑,动力电池壳用3003铝合金板中间退火温度优选380℃,冷变形量为85%。

Effects of intermediate annealing temperature and cold deformation on the microstructure and properties of 3003 aluminum alloy plate for power battery shell were studied by means of muffle furnace,Brinell hardness tester,optical microscope and universal testing machine.The results show that with the increase of intermediate annealing temperature,the hardness,tensile strength and yield strength of the 3003 aluminum alloy plate with different cold deformation amounts decrease first,and then become stable at 380 ℃ and over,while the elongation is on the contrary.When the annealing temperature is at 200 ℃ and lower,both the strength of the alloy plate increases with the increase of cold deformation.With the increase of annealing temperature,the conductivity of the 3003 aluminum alloy plate increases slowly firstly,then stabilizes,and finally decreases rapidly.When the cold deformation amount is 85%,the conductivity of the alloy is the highest,while it decreases significantly when the cold deformation amount is 95%.The microstructure of the alloy plate changes from slender fiber to fine equiaxed recrystallized grains with the increase of annealing temperature.The greater the cold deformation,the lower the temperature at which the material begins to recrystallize and the finer the recrystallized grains,and the recrystallization is completed at 380 ℃.Overall,the optimal intermediate annealing temperature of the 3003 aluminum alloy plate for power battery shells is 380 ℃,and the optimal cold deformation is 85%.