融入设计思维的科学大概念单元教学模式构建及应用研究

Research on the Construction and Application of Teaching Model of Science Big Concept Unit Integrating Design Thinking

围绕大概念开展单元教学是当前小学科学课程教学的新范式,如何将学科概念有效统整,培养解决真实世界中复杂问题的能力,成为当前值得关注的问题。研究设计包含目标设计、评价设计和过程设计三阶段的大概念单元教学模式,结合小学科学课程的特色,整合“精细加工”重构EDEIPT设计思维模型,构建融入设计思维的小学科学大概念教学模式。以小学三年级科学课程《物体的运动》单元教学为例,将模型进行应用实践,研究结果发现,实验组比对照组在学业成绩表现上有显著提升,且对“技术与工程”部分的知识学习充满期待。研究证实该模式能有效促进学生的概念理解,促进知识的有效迁移。

It is a new paradigm of science teaching in primary schools to carry out unit teaching around big concept.How to integrate the knowledge of various scientific disciplines to solve complex real-world problems and improve students'problem-solving ability becomes a problem worthy of attention at present.The research design consists of three stages:objective design,evaluation design,and process design.Combined with the characteristics of primary school science curriculum,EDEIPT design thinking model was reconstructed by integrating"fine processing",and the teaching mode of primary school science grand concept integrated with design thinking was constructed.Taking the third-grade science course"Motion of Objects"unit teaching as an example,the model is applied into practice.The results showed that the experimental group had a significant improvement in academic performance compared with the control group,and was full of expectation to learn knowledge in the field of"technology and engineering".The research suggests that this model can effectively promote students'concept understanding and knowledge transfer.