燃料电池用宽温域质子交换膜研究进展

Progress in Wide-Temperature-Range Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

质子交换膜燃料电池的工作温度极大地影响其工作效率、抗毒化性能和水热管理系统的复杂程度。而常用的液态小分子质子溶剂(水和磷酸)在宽温域条件下难以稳定保持,限制了质子交换膜的质子传导性能。本文从不同质子溶剂的传导机制出发,梳理了近年来磺酸型、磷酸掺杂型及膦酸接枝型质子交换膜实现宽温域质子传递的研究思路、进展和存在的局限性,并对宽温域质子交换膜未来发展方向进行了展望。

The operating temperature of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell dramatically affects its efficiency,anti-poisoning performance,and the complexity of the hydrothermal management system.Thus,the development of wide-temperature-range proton exchange membranes is highly desirable.However,the common liquid small-molecule protic solvent(water and phosphoric acid)has poor thermal stability under wide temperature range,which limits the proton conductivity of proton exchange membranes.Based on the conduction mechanisms of different protic solvent,in this review article,we summarized the recent progress and limitations in different wide-temperature-range proton exchange membranes,including sulfonic acid proton exchange membranes,phosphoric acid doped proton exchange membranes and phosphonated proton exchange membranes.In addition,we also gave an overview of the future development of wide-temperature-range proton exchange membranes.