江苏省海洋产业碳收支核算及评价

Carbon budget and evaluation of marine industry in Jiangsu Province,China

测算并评价海洋产业碳收支状况是在碳中和目标下促进海洋经济绿色、高效发展的基础。以江苏省为例,本研究构建了海洋产业碳收支核算体系,开展了碳效率和碳中和评估。结果表明:2016—2020年,江苏省滨海碳汇总量为89.48万~277.32万t,五大海洋产业碳排放为353.84万~435.06万t,海洋产业净碳排放为147.87万~290.61万t。5年间江苏省滨海碳汇量与碳排放量均呈增加趋势。在碳汇上,海上风电系统占比最多,其次为生态系统固碳量,海水养殖固碳量占比最小。在碳排放上,海洋交通运输业占总碳排放比重最大,其次为滨海旅游业和海洋渔业,海洋工程建筑业与海洋船舶工业碳排放占比较小。碳中和状况表现为,2016—2020年,江苏省海洋产业整体呈现碳赤字,但碳净排放量逐年减少,在碳效率上,海水养殖净碳汇效率低于全国平均水平,海上风电碳效率较为稳定。

The measurement and evaluation of carbon budget of marine industry is the basis for promoting green and efficient development of marine economy under the goal of carbon neutrality.We constructed a carbon accounting system for the marine industry in Jiangsu Province,and assessed carbon efficiency and neutrality.The results showed that from 2016 to 2020,the total amount of marine carbon sinks in Jiangsu Province were 894.8 to 2773.2 thousand tons,while carbon emissions of major marine industries were 3538.4 to 4350.6 thousand tons.The net emissions of marine industries ranged from 1478.7 to 2906.1 thousand tons.Both of carbon sinks and emissions were significantly increased in this period.In terms of carbon sinks,the offshore wind power accounted for the largest contribution,followed by ecosystem carbon sequestration,and mariculture carbon sequestration was the smallest.In terms of carbon emissions,the marine transportation industry played a dominant role,followed by coastal tourism and marine fisheries,while the marine engineering and construction industry and marine shipping industry accounted for a small proportion.In general,the carbon neutral status showed that marine industry in Jiangsu Province was in carbon deficit from 2016-2020,but the net emissions were decreasing year by year.The net carbon sink efficiency of mariculture in Jiangsu Province was lower than the national level,and carbon efficiency of offshore wind power was stable.