烧结钕铁硼永磁二次资源再利用技术进展

Recent Progress in Recycling Technology of Recyclable Sintered Nd-Fe-B Magnets

稀土是重要的战略性资源,在国防和民用高技术领域不可替代。我国长期作为全球稀土原料的主要提供者,面临着稀土储量下降、能源消耗过度和环境破坏严重等问题。而以烧结钕铁硼永磁的工业固废和城市矿产为代表的稀土二次资源量逐年增多,且富含稀土元素,成为我国乃至世界稀土的重要来源之一。因此,烧结钕铁硼永磁二次资源再利用技术备受关注。本文介绍了烧结钕铁硼永磁二次资源的形成过程及其特性,并介绍了现有的产业化回收技术和新技术的研究与发展。

Rare earth metals are one kind of critical strategic resources and play irreplaceable role in defense and high-technology area.As the main global supplier of rare earth metals,long-term exploitation and production lead to serious prob-lems including reserves decrease,excessive energy consumption and heavy environmental burden in China.Meanwhile,the industrial wastes and end-of-life wastes of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet accumulated rapidly,which enrich rare earth and thus be-come one of the important resources.As a result,recycling technology for recyclable sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets has drawn con-siderable attention recently.In this paper,the formation and evaluation of recyclable sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets are intro-duced,and both the industrial recycling technology and newly-developed recycling technology are reviewed.