湿陷性黄土边坡生态恢复技术研究

Research on Ecology Restoration Technology of Collapsible Loess Slope

我国西北地区高速公路边坡多为黄土边坡,土壤性质较差、植被密度小、生态视觉效果差,因此有必要对黄土地区边坡植被护坡的生态恢复技术进行探讨。通过对西北地区公路典型试验段湿陷性黄土路堑植被护坡进行调查,对坡面直接种植技术、工程与植被结合技术、改造坡面形态的植被护坡技术3种类型进行了详细介绍,分析了各种类型护坡的技术效果、特点与适用性。结果表明尚没有一种边坡植被护坡技术能够完全应用于所有黄土地区。提出不同地区、不同路段在应用植被护坡技术时,应当重点关注边坡坡型选择与植被搭配两大因素,在边坡选型时确保地质稳定性及生态稳定性,在植被选型时采用乔、灌、草、藤结合,可以有效提升植被边坡的耐久性与稳定性。

Most expressway slopes in Northwest China are loess slopes with poor soil properties,low vegetation density,and poor ecological visual effects.Therefore,it is necessary to discuss the ecology restoration technology of slope protection by the vegetation in loess areas.By investigating slope protection by vegetation for collapsible loess cutting in a typical experimental section of a northwest highway,this paper detailedly introduceds three technologies of slope protection by vegetation,which were direct slope planting,the combination of engineering and vegetation,and the transformation of slope morphology,to analyze the effect,characteristics,and applicability of these technologies.The results showed that there was no single slope protection technology that can be completely applied to all loess areas.This paper suggested that when applying slope protection technology in different areas and road sections,slope selection and vegetation arrangement should be emphasized.Specifically,geological stability and ecological stability should be ensured in slope selection,and the combination of arbor,shrub,herb,and vine could be adopted in vegetation selection,which could effectively improve the durability and stability of vegetation slopes.