葡萄膜黑色素瘤免疫治疗策略研究进展

Progress of immunotherapy strategies for uveal melanoma

葡萄膜黑色素瘤(UM)是成年人最常见的眼内恶性肿瘤。尽管近年来UM在诊断、治疗及预后等各方面均取得了重大进展,但依然有超过50%的患者发生肝转移,严重影响患者生存。UM患者能否与皮肤黑色素瘤(CM)一样在免疫检查点阻断治疗中获益?靶向UM特异性基因突变能否提升抗瘤效能?嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)/T细胞受体T细胞(TCR-T)等细胞疗法对UM尤其肝转移患者是否有效?以及当前联合治疗策略有哪些?效果如何?文章从以上几个角度对UM免疫相关抗瘤研究进行归纳,旨在明确已取得的成果,剖析存在的问题,展望可能的解决方案。

Uveal melanoma(UM)is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults.Recently,great progresses have been made in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of UM,however,nearly 50%of patients still develop liver metastases,which severely affects on the survival of UM patients.Whether UM patients will benefit from the immune checkpoint blockade similarly as the cutaneous melanoma(CM)?Whether the specific gene mutations targeting UM could improve the anti-tumor efficacy?Whether chimeric antigen receptor T cell or T cell receptor T cell immunotherapy is effective to UM patients with liver metastases?How about the combinational therapies in UM and the clinical effects?This review summarizes the anti-tumor research and novel treatment options of UM,analyzes the current achievements and problems.