激光与热碱金属原子系综的相互作用:进展与展望

Interaction Between Laser and Thermal-Alkali Atomic Ensemble:Progress and Prospect

量子精密测量在基础研究和原始创新中发挥了重要作用。激光与热碱金属原子系综的相互作用是量子精密测量领域的重要研究对象,在物理学的前沿探索和技术应用层次上都具有深刻意义,是科学研究的前沿热点之一。基于激光与原子相互作用原理,相关器件的超高精度、小型化、阵列化进程从原理与技术上获得了突破性的进展,形成了以无自旋交换弛豫(SERF)原子磁强计、相干布居数囚禁(CPT)原子钟、SERF原子自旋陀螺仪为代表的精密测量传感器件。本文结合近十几年来相关领域在磁场测量、时间测量、惯性测量方面的代表性成果和进展,从原理和应用两个角度总结了目前激光与热碱金属原子系综相互作用的研究状况,展望了基于激光与热碱金属原子系综相互作用原理的器件未来的发展方向。

Quantum precision measurements are crucial for basic research and original innovations.As a vital research topic,the interaction between a laser and thermal-alkali atomic ensemble is significant for the frontier investigations of physics and technical applications,being one of the frontiers of scientific research.Notably,studies and applications based on laser-atom interactions have facilitated breakthroughs in the principles and technologies for ultrahigh precision and miniaturization of an array of precision measurement sensors represented by spin exchange relaxation-free(SERF)atomic magnetometers,coherent population trapping(CPT)atomic clocks,and SERF atomic spin gyroscopes.This review analyzes the achievements and progress in the magnetic field,time,and inertial measurements in recent ten years,and these are summarized from the perspective of the principle and application of the interaction between a laser and thermalalkali atomic ensemble.Furthermore,prospects for the future development of devices based on the interaction between a laser and thermal-alkali atomic ensemble are discussed.