翻译过程文本输出与停顿的认知资源分配差异——基于眼动追踪与键盘记录的实证研究

Cognitive resource allocation in text production segments and pauses during translation:An eye-tracking and key-logging study

翻译过程中打字活动密集的文本输出与阅读活动密集的停顿体现出截然不同的认知加工过程。本研究使用眼动追踪和键盘记录方法考察文本输出与停顿的认知资源分配差异及翻译经验和时间压力对该差异的调节作用。研究发现:1)译者分配到文本输出的认知资源显著高于停顿,说明文本输出中可能存在高强度的认知活动,而停顿并非完全被高负荷的解决问题的活动所占据;2)受认知加工的自动化程度影响,翻译经验可以调节二者的认知资源分配差异,具体体现为职业译员对二者的认知资源分配更为平衡;3)受较稳定的认知节奏的驱动,时间压力无法调节这一差异。

Intensive typing activities during text production and intensive reading activities during pauses in translation reflect distinct cognitive processing mechanisms.This study examined the differences in cognitive resource allocation(indexed by mean fixation duration and pupil size)between these two processing modes using eye-tracking and key-logging data.The moderating effects of the translation experience and time pressure were also investigated.It was found that:1)Cognitive resources allocated to text production segments were significantly higher than those to the pause segments,suggesting that there exist high-load cognitive activities in typing bursts,whereas the pause segments were not entirely occupied by strenuous problem-solving activities;2)Influenced by the degree of automaticity,translation experience moderated this difference,resulting in a more balanced distribution of cognitive resources between the two modes for professional translators;and 3)Driven by the stable cognitive rhythm embedded in translators'behavioral patterns,time pressure did not moderate the difference in cognitive resource allocation between the two modes.