文学空间

Literary Space:A Keyword in Critical Theory

“文学空间”是法国思想家莫里斯·布朗肖通过对卡夫卡、马拉美等人的写作经验的考察所发现的一个独特的空间思想概念。布朗肖将该空间称作“中性”的思想空间;在这个空间里,思想不再拥有固定的“中心”,而是意味着对任何“中心”的消解。通过对布朗肖叙事作品的阅读与关注,福柯和德里达都曾以不同的方式靠近“文学空间”,并让该空间在他们的思想中呈现出不同的面貌。福柯将该空间称作“外界”,在他看来,“外界”位于一切主体性和实证性之外,是让主体性和实证性不断生成的动荡空间。德里达将“文学空间”称作“弥撒亚”空间,亦即让对文学的“见证”与“信仰”成为可能的空间;正是从该空间出发,德里达得以在现代语境下继续讨论有关“信仰”的主题。

The"Literary Space"is a specific space of thought,that Maurice Blanchot discovered by studying the writing experiences of Kafka,Mallarme,and other authors.Blanchot also refers to this space as a neutral space of thought.In this space,thought is no longer centered around a fixed point but rather signifies the dissolution of any center.Approaching Blanchot's narratives,Michel Foucault and Jacques Derrida have engaged with the"Literary Space"in different ways,each presenting a distinct perspective.Foucault designates this space as the"Outside."According to him,the"Outside"lies beyond all subjectivities and positivities,constituting a chaotic space where subjectivities and positivities continually form.On the other hand,Derrida refers to the"Literary Space"as a"messianic space",that is,a space that renders"testimony"and"faith"possible.It is from this space that Derrida was able to continue discussing faith in a modern context.