肿瘤治疗电场在头颈部癌症中的应用前景

Application prospect of tumor treating fields technology in head and neck cancer

近年来,随着免疫制剂和分子靶向药物的研发进展,针对恶性肿瘤的治疗取得了一定突破,但其仍然是目前全球疾病死亡的主要原因。肿瘤治疗电场(tumor treating fields,TTFields)是一种全新的非侵入性癌症治疗方法。TTFields可提供给肿瘤局部一个低强度(1~3 V/cm)、中频(100~300 kHz)的交变电场,通过破坏肿瘤细胞有丝分裂期的染色体分离及诱发介电泳现象,使细胞结构紊乱,发生凋亡。TTFields对正常细胞和癌细胞的敏感参数不同,对静止期细胞则没有作用,故其抗肿瘤治疗的毒副作用小、创伤小,具有很大潜力。TTFields的有效性和安全性已在多形性胶质母细胞瘤的Ⅲ期临床试验中得到验证,在其他实体瘤也相继开展了临床研究。本文就TTFields的最新研究进展进行综述,并阐述其微观机制及讨论在头颈癌中的应用前景。

In recent years,major breakthroughs have been made in the treatment of malignant tumours with research and development progress of immunologic agents and molecular targeted drugs,but it is still the main cause of global disease death.Tumour treating fields(TTFields)is a new non-invasive approach to cancer treatment.TTFields can provide a kind of low-intensity(1-3 V/cm),intermediate frequency(100-300 kHz)alternating electric fields delivered locally to the tumour,which can destroy the chromosome segregation of mitotic tumour cells and induce dielectrophoresis to arise cell structure disturbance and apoptosis.The sensitive parameters of TTFields for normal and cancerous cells are different,but TTFields has no effect on quiescent cells.Hence,it has the advantages of fewer side effects and less trauma,and has great potential.Additionally,its efficacy and safety have been verified in phase III clinical trials of glioblastoma multiforme.Some clinical trials on TTFields have also been carried out in other kinds of solid tumours.This article reviewed the latest research progress of TTFields,expounding its micromechanism and discussing its application prospects in head and neck cancer.