居家诊断心肌梗死:基于适体的cTnI传感技术

Home Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction:Aptamer-based cTnI Sensing Technology

心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)是与急性心肌梗死(AMI)密切相关的生物标志物,被认为是诊断AMI的“金标准”。目前已有多种cTnI检测技术被开发,包括基于抗体和适体的检测方法。适体是一种能和靶标特异性结合的短的DNA或RNA序列,因其稳定性好、易合成和成本低等优点被用于cTnI检测平台的开发。本文根据信号转导方式,将cTnI检测法分为光学检测和电化学检测两大类,介绍了目前基于适体的cTnI传感技术研究进展,阐述了各类方法的检测原理、性能以及优缺点,对cTnI传感技术进行了总结并对其在居家检测中的发展进行了展望,希望为开发更灵敏、更便携的cTnI传感器提供借鉴和参考。

Cardiac troponin I(cTnI)is a biomarker closely associated with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)and is considered as the"gold standard"for the diagnosis of AMI.A variety of cTnI detection techniques have been developed,including antibody-based and aptamer-based detection methodology.Aptamers are short DNA or RNA sequences that can specifically bind to the target,and have been used in the development of cTnI detection platforms due to their advantages of good stability,easy synthesis and low cost.In this paper,cTnI detection methods are divided into optical detection and electrochemical detection according to the signal transduction mode.This review introduces the current research progress of aptamer-based cTnI sensing technology,describes the detection principle,performance,advantages and disadvantages of various methods,summarizes cTnI sensing technology and prospects its development in home testing,hoping to provide reference for the development of more sensitive and portable cTnI sensors.