新时代大中小学劳动教育一体化构建的意义、现状及实施路径

Research into the Signifi cance,Current Situation,and Implementation Path of Integrated Labor Education in Each Stage of Study in the New Era

中国特色社会主义进入新时代后,大量学校的劳动教育取得了丰硕成果,但由于劳动素养培育的渐进性和具身性,我国劳动教育目前存在学段间系统性欠缺、协同性不足等问题。由于时空壁垒和学段目标的限制,各学段劳动教育一体化在没有科学规划之前,难以全面落实。本研究以教育系统论为根本依据,针对我国大中小学劳动教育在结构上逐级延伸且次第整合、在知识和技能上有所偏重却又有序耦合的特点,建议各大中小学劳动教育始终契合学生本身的内在需求和身心发展的规律,围绕各学段学生生活和学习的真实情境,在劳动知识传授和实践教学中以学生的个体基础为前提,递进式地提高学生的劳动素养,从而可以有效打破劳动教育的时空壁垒。同时,通过纵向进阶、横向协作的方式,打造区域性学校共同体,全面绘好劳动教育一体化的经纬图。

After entering the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,a large number of schools have achieved fruitful results in labor education.However,due to the progressive and embodied nature of cultivating labor literacy,there are currently problems in China's labor education,such as a lack of systematic and collaborative learning between different stages in China.Moreover,due to the limitations of time and space barriers and stage objectives,it is diffi cult to comprehensively implement integrated labor education across different stages without scientifi c planning.Based on the theory of educational systems,this study focuses on the characteristics of labor education in each stage of study in China,which extends hierarchically in structure and emphasizes knowledge and skills while maintaining orderly coupling.It is suggested that labor education in each stage of study should always meet the intrinsic needs of students and the laws of their physical and mental development.By focusing on the real-life situations of students'lives and learning in various stages,labor knowledge dissemination and practical teaching should be based on students'individual foundations,gradually improving their labor literacy,thus effectively breaking through the temporal and spatial barriers of labor education.At the same time,a regional school community can be established by advancing vertically and cooperating horizontally,comprehensively depicting the longitude and latitude of integrated labor education.