现代化视域下的亚当·斯密

Adam Smith from the Perspective of Modernization

作为苏格兰启蒙运动的重要代表人物,亚当·斯密在《道德情操论》中构建了一种同现代社会秩序相适应的道德哲学体系,不仅为英国工业革命及其开启的英国现代化进程奠定了思想基础,而且其关于政治修明、法律严正、社会包容和经济自由的学术思想对整个人类社会的现代化亦具有重要启发。作为古典经济学的奠基者,亚当·斯密在《国富论》中围绕劳动分工和市场交易、普遍勤劳和资本积累、有效市场和有为政府等,构建了一种同现代社会秩序相适应的理论经济学体系,不仅为经济学所有之前和所有之后的发展提供了问题和尺度,而且对我们在中国式现代化进程中着力推动高质量发展、构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制等具有一定启发性。

As an important representative of Scottish Enlightenment,Adam Smith constructed a moral philosophy system compatible with the modern social order in the Theory of Moral Sentiments,which not only laid the ideological foundation for the British Indus-trial Revolution and British modernization,but also inspired the modernization of the entire human society with its academic ideas on political enlightenment,legal justice,social inclusion and economic freedom.As the founder of classical economics,Adam Smith constructed a theoretical economics system that is compatible with the modern social order around the division of labor and market transactions,general industriousness and capital accumulation,efficient market and effective government in the An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations.It not only provides questions and yardsticks for all the previous and subse-quent developments of economics,but also has certain enlightenment for promoting high-quality development and building a high-standard socialist market economy in the process of Chinese modernization.