数字鸿沟与医养结合机构入住老年人安全感的关系研究

Study on the Relationship between Digital Divide and the Sense of Security of the Elderly in Integrated Medical and Nursing Institutions

目的:探讨数字鸿沟与医养结合机构入住老年人之间的关系,为实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略,提升老年人的安全感提供实证依据。方法:采用分层随机抽样方法,利用自制问卷于2017年6月~2018年8月在山东省青岛市7个区抽取43家医养结合机构入住的1907名老年人进行问卷调查,应用独立样本t检验或方差分析对计量资料进行单因素分析,利用多重线性回归对老年人安全感感受程度的影响因素进行分析。结果:被调查1907名医养结合机构入住老年人安全感感受程度的平均得分为(3.79±0.935)分。多重线性回归分析结果显示,未使用智能手机或互联网、经济状况较好、睡眠时间较长、子女给予最主要的支持为经济支持的老年人安全感较好;自评健康较差、生活满意度一般或不满意、感到一般或有孤独寂寞感和焦虑抑郁感的老年人安全感较差(均P<0.05)。结论:数字鸿沟与老年人安全感密切相关。应着力构建老年友好型社会,积极培育银发经济,营造和谐、幸福的家庭氛围,加强子女代际支持,建立健康生活方式,维护和促进老年人健康状况的提升。

Objective To explore the relationship between the digital divide and the elderly in integrated medical and nursing in-stitutions,so as to provide an empirical basis for implementing the national strategy of actively coping with population aging and im-proving the sense of security of the elderly.Methods 1907 elderly people were chosen from 43 medical and nursing institutions in 7 districts of Qingdao City by using the stratified random sampling method,and surveyed with self-made questionnaire from June 2017 to August 2018.Data were analyzed by independent sample t-test or ANOVA,and the influencing factors of the elderly's sense of security were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results The average score of the sense of security of1907 elderly people living in medical and nursing institutions was(3.79±0.935).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the elderly who did not use smart phones or the internet,had better economic status,slept longer,and the most important support given by their chil-dren was financial support had a better sense of security,while the elderly who rated themselves as poor health,general or dissatisfied with life satisfaction,felt general or had a sense of loneliness,anxiety and depression had a poor sense of security(P<0.05).Con-clusion The digital divide is closely related to the security of the elderly.It is suggested to strive to build an elderly friendly society,actively cultivate the silver economy,create a harmonious and happy family environment,strengthen children's intergenerational sup-port,establish a healthy lifestyle,and maintain and promote the improvement of the health status of the elderly.