中国特色现代农业产业组织创新:理论逻辑与实践路向

Organizational Innovation of Modern Agricultural Industry with Chinese Characteristics:Theoretical Logic and Practical Direction

现代农业产业组织创新,是中国式农业现代化的题中之义。基于对马克思产业组织理论和西方产业组织理论在研究方法、理论旨趣及价值取向的比较分析,以马克思产业组织理论作为我国现代农业产业组织创新的根本遵循,借鉴西方产业组织理论注重微观组织形态研究的有益成分,阐发了有为政府与有效市场相结合、公平与效率兼顾构成为中国特色现代农业产业组织创新两大内核的理论逻辑,深刻影响着农业产业组织制度构建与政策设计上坚持农业现代化的包容性及其因应技术演化组织模式的适时创新性的基本内涵。农业共营制在发挥新型农村集体经济组织包容性发展导向下谋求分散农户组织化的基础上,通过农业生产模块化分工的市场进入和连接方式,探索了以农户为基础的多元主体利益协调、合作共享发展,推进了集体所有的农村土地资源与资本、技术、企业家能力等现代生产要素的集聚重组和小农户与现代农业的有机衔接,在发挥农业共营制组织效率优势和兼顾公平共享中促进了农民增收共富。农业共营制作为现代农业产业组织创新的一个有益尝试,为进一步探索和推广“农业共营”到“农民共富”的实现路径提供了政策设计与实践探索新的启示和新的路向。

The innovation of modern agricultural industrial organization is the essence of Chinese style agricultural modernization.Based on a comparative analysis of the research methods,theoretical interests,and value orientations of Marx's industrial organization theory and Western industrial organization theory,this paper takes Marx's industrial organization theory as the fundamental principle for innovation in modern agricultural industrial organizations in China.Moreover,this paper also draws on the beneficial components of Western industrial organization theory that focus on micro organizational forms.The author elucidates that the combination of effective government and market as well as the fairness and efficiency has become the two core elements of innovation in modern agricultural industrial organizations with Chinese characteristics,deeply affecting the basic connotation of adhering to the inclusivity of agricultural modernization and timely innovation in response to technological evolution in the construction of agricultural industrial organizational systems and policy design.The Agricultural Co-operation System,guided by the inclusive development of the new rural collective economic organization,seeks to diversify the organization of rural households.Through the market entry and connection of modular division of labor in agricultural production,it explores the coordinated and cooperative development of diverse interests of farmers,promoting the agglomeration and reorganization of modern production factors such as collectively owned rural land resources and capital,technology,and entrepreneurial capabilities.It also promotes the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture.By leveraging organizational efficiency advantages of the Agricultural Co-operation System,and balancing fairness and sharing,it has promoted farmers'income growth and common prosperity.The Agricultural Co-operation System,as a beneficial attempt to innovate modern agricultural industrial organizations,provides new insights and directions for policy design and practical exploration in order to further explore and promote the realization path from"agricultural co-operation"to"farmers'common prosperity".