大数据时代的地热学研究思考及展望

Thinkings and Prospects for the Research on Geothermics in the Big Data Era

大数据时代带来产业、思想和科学的革命,数据的融合、归纳、科学发现等对地热学的发展带来了机遇和挑战.地热学作为一门多学科交叉融合学科,涉及到地球科学的方方面面,其在大数据时代下的发展也面临着诸多挑战.本文依据时间序列将地热学划分为当代地热学和历史地热学两部分,从中国乃至全球热流分布、水化学参数、地热潜力评价体系3个方面对当代地热学涉及的地球热结构及相关能源灾害问题,以及从深时地球热体制变化、构造演化、气候环境能源效应3个方面对历史地热学涉及的热时空变化、演变及资源形成分别阐述了大数据引入的前瞻性和可行性.未来地热学的发展一方面应注重地热学框架和要素的搭建及相关科学联系解译和科学发现工作,另一方面则应注重地热学知识图谱构建,多学科知识融合解译,继而重建深时地球热状态及其所反映的物理化学过程.

The era of big data drives the revolution of industry,thoughts,and science.The integration,induction,and scientific discovery of data bring opportunities and challenges to the development of geothermics.As a multi-disciplinary or interdisciplinary subject,geothermics involves all aspects of earth science,which poses challenges to the extremely complex and difficult development of geothermics in the era of big data.In this study,we divide geothermics into contemporary geothermics and historical geothermics based on time.First,we analyze the geothermal structure and related energy/disasters from three aspects of heat flow distribution in China and the world,hydrochemical parameters,and geothermal potential evaluation system.Second,we discuss the temporal and spatial changes of heat,the tectonic evolution,and the effect of climate,environment,and energy from three aspects of temporal and spatial variation,evolution,and resource formation of heat in historical geothermics.All these efforts aim to expound the foresight and feasibility of big data introduction,respectively.In the future,the development of geothermics should focus on the construction of the framework and elements of geothermics,the interpretation of related scientific links,and discovery.Meanwhile,it should focus on the construction of the knowledge graph of geothermics,the integration,interpretation,and discovery of multi-disciplinary knowledge,and the reconstruction of the deep-time geothermal state and physical and the chemical processes reflected.