基本医疗保险对我国居民家庭收入的影响

Influence of Basic Medical Insurance on Family Income of Residents in China

目的:分析基本医疗保险对我国居民家庭收入的影响,为提高居民家庭收入水平提供参考。方法:以可持续生计理论为基础,利用中国家庭追踪调查2010年、2012年、2014年、2016年和2018年的长时段数据,整合了一个涵盖我国25个省份6068户家庭和15192个居民的面板数据库,包括基本医疗保险参保情况和家庭生计情况等变量。采用计量模型分析基本医疗保险如何影响居民家庭收入。结果:面板固定效应模型分析发现基本医疗保险能够显著提高居民家庭收入(β=0.781,P<0.001),健康资本发挥了中介效应。倾向性评分匹配法研究发现基本医疗保险和居民家庭收入之间存在因果关系,参加基本医疗保险能够显著降低家庭贫困发生率(β=0.314,P<0.05)。结论:基本医疗保险能够提高居民家庭收入水平,基本医疗保险通过健康水平的中介机制,有效提升了家庭可持续生计能力。加强基本医疗保险制度建设,有序推进全民医保,能够有效提高居民家庭收入,促进共同富裕。

Objective:To analyze the influence of basic medical insurance on family income of residents in China,so as to provide references for enhancing the family income level of residents.Methods:Based on the theory of sustainable livelihood,using the survey data of China family panel studies in 2010,2012,2014,2016 and 2018,this study obtained the panel data including 6068 families and 15192 residents from 25 provinces including variables of participation of the basic medical insurance and family livelihood,and used measurement models to analyze the influence of basic medical insurance on family income of residents.Results:The panel fixed model showed that the basic medical insurance increased family income significantly(β=0.781,P<0.001),and healthy capital had the mediating effect.The propensity score matching model showed that the relationship between basic medical insurance and family income was causality,and the basic medical insurance decreased the family poverty incidence(β=0.314,P<0.05).Conclusion:The basic medical insurance can enhance the family income of residents,and can improve family sustainable livelihood ability through the intermediary mechanism of health status.Strengthening the construction of basic medical insurance system and orderly promoting universal medical insurance can effectively improve the family income of residents and promote common prosperity.