商周时期丙族的族属及相关问题探研

The Clan Identity of Bingzu and Related Issues during the Shang and Zhou Periods

殷商丙族铜器集中出土于河南安阳和山西灵石旌介两地。通过分析得知,丙族为殷商王族,最初居住在安阳附近,与商王室关系十分密切。晋南灵石旌介一带丙族的存在是统治者将该族群派遣至商王朝西土镇守边疆的反映。商周战争之际,丙族始终与商军一起奋力抗周,其并未提前归顺于周。西周建立后,周王将丙族遗民分迁于各地。不过作为军事实力较强的殷商王族,大量丙族成员被安置于宗周地区。该族虽曾在克商战争中与周为敌,但仍受到西周统治者重用,社会政治地位较高。

The bronze wares related to Bingzu(丙族),an ethnic group dated to Shang period,were found in Anyang(安阳)of Henan Province and Lingshi(灵石)of Shanxi Province.It can be identified that Bingzu was a branch of the Shang royal clan that originally lived near Anyang.The existence of the Bingzu in Lingshi was a result of that the Shang rulers sent them to guard the western frontier.During the war between Shang and Zhou,Bingzu stood with the Shang court from the beginning to the end.After the establishment of the Western Zhou,the king of Zhou dispersed the remaining members of Bingzu to different places.However,a large number of members of Bingzu were settled in the Zongzhou(宗周)area and enjoyed the trust of the Zhou rulers.