微视频联合情景模拟式健康教育对脑卒中患者平衡功能、出院准备度及跌倒预防的影响

Application of micro-video combined with scenario simulation health education in fall prevention of patients with stroke

目的:分析微视频联合情景模拟式健康教育对脑卒中患者平衡功能、出院准备度及跌倒预防的影响。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取2022年1月—2023年3月海军军医大学第一附属医院长海医院住院的150例脑卒中康复期患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各75例。对照组采用常规跌倒预防宣教,观察组采用微视频联合情景模拟式健康教育进行跌倒预防宣教,比较两组患者住院期间跌倒发生率和发生次数,出院前评估总体平衡功能、出院准备度,并随访出院3个月内跌倒发生率和发生次数、受伤程度。结果:住院期间跌倒发生率、跌倒次数与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。出院前评估,观察组平衡功能、日常生活能力及出院准备度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。随访出院3个月内跌倒发生情况,观察组跌倒率及跌倒次数与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义,但跌倒损伤程度轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.000,P=0.0468)。结论:微视频联合情景模拟式健康教育可有效改善脑卒中患者平衡功能,提高出院准备度,减轻跌倒损伤程度,且干预效果在出院3个月内显著。

Objective To analyze the effects of micro-video combined with scenario simulation health education on balance function,readiness for hospital discharge and fall prevention in stroke patients.Methods From January 2022 to March 2023,convenience sampling was used to select 150 stroke rehabilitation patients who were hospitalized in Changhai Hospital,the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University as the research object.According to the random number table method,they were divided into the observation group and the control group,with 75 cases in each group.Patients in the control group received conventional fall prevention education,while patients in the observation group received fall prevention education based on microvideo combined with scenario simulation.The incidence and frequency of falls during hospitalization were compared between the two groups.The overall balance function and readiness for hospital discharge were evaluated before discharge,and the incidence,frequency and injury degree of falls within 3 months after discharge were followed up.Results There were no significant differences in the incidence and frequency of falls during hospitalization between the two groups(P>0.05).Before discharge,the balance function,daily living ability and discharge readiness of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the fall rate and number of falls between the observation group and the control group within 3 months after discharge,but the degree of fall injury in the observation group was lighter than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=2.000,P=0.0468).Conclusions Microvideo combined with scenario simulation health education can effectively improve the balance function of stroke patients,improve the readiness for hospital discharge,and reduce the degree of fall injury,and the intervention effect is significant within 3 months after discharge.