糖尿病与视网膜亚层厚度的相关分析

Correlation between diabetes mellitus and retinal layers thickness

目的探讨糖尿病对视网膜亚层厚度的影响。方法本研究为回顾性研究。收集2021年1月至12月在绍兴文理学院附属医院就诊的2型糖尿病患者54例,分为非增殖期糖尿病性视网膜病变(non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy,NPDR)组(n=27)和糖尿病无糖尿病性视网膜病变(no diabetic retinopathy,NDR)组(n=27)。选取同期年龄、性别相匹配的无糖尿病者作为空白对照(Control)组(n=34)。使用SD-OCT扫描并测量黄斑中心凹、鼻侧和颞侧三位点视网膜各亚层厚度。分析三组间视网膜亚层厚度差异及各因素相关性。结果NPDR组和NDR组的黄斑中心凹处外层视网膜厚度均较Control组偏薄(NPDR vs.Control,P=0.001;NDR vs.Control,P=0.038)。NPDR组颞侧内核层厚度较NDR组和Control组均偏厚(NPDR vs.Control,P=0.025;NPDR vs.NDR,P=0.009)。内层视网膜和外层视网膜厚度比值方面,NPDR组和NDR组在黄斑中心凹均较Control组偏大(NPDR vs.Control,P=0.022;NDR vs.Control,P=0.040),NPDR组在颞侧较NDR组和Control组均偏大(NPDR vs.NDR,P=0.007;NPDR vs.Control,P=0.020)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,糖尿病性视网膜病变是颞侧内核层厚度变化的影响因素(P=0.019)。结论糖尿病可引起视网膜亚层厚度的改变。糖尿病性视网膜病变与视网膜内层厚度相关,是颞侧内核层厚度增加的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the possible relationship between retinal layers thickness and diabetes.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.A total of 54 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University from January to December 2021 were collected.Divided into a non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)group(n=27),and a diabetic without retinopathy(NDR)group(n=27).Non-diabetic patients matching age and gender at the same period were selected as the control group(n=34).The thickness of retinal layers at the fovea,the nasal and temporal sides were measured by SD-OCT.The difference of retinal layers thickness and the correlation of each factor were analyzed.Results The thickness of the outer retinal layer in the macular fovea in both NPDR and NDR groups was thinner than that in the control group(NPDR vs.Control,P=0.001;NDR vs.Control,P=0.038).The thickness of the temporal inner nuclear layer in NPDR group was thicker than that in NDR group and control group(NPDR vs.Control,P=0.025;NPDR vs.NDR,P=0.009).The thickness ratio of the inner retinal layer to the outer retinal layer in the macular fovea was larger in NPDR group and NDR group than in control group(NPDR vs.Control,P=0.022;NDR vs.Control,P=0.040).The thickness ratio of the inner retinal layer to the outer retinal layer in temporal was larger in NPDR group than in NDR group and Control group(NPDR vs.NDR,P=0.007;NPDR vs.Control,P=0.020).Diabetic retinopathy status affected temporal inner nuclear layer thickness(P=0.019).Conclusion The retinal layers thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes was changed.Diabetic retinopathy status was related to the thickness of the temporal inner nuclear layer,which can increase the thickness of the temporal inner nuclear layer.