基于碳足迹的民用核技术应用产业环境承载力测算

Calculation of the Environmental Carrying Capacity of the Civil Nuclear Technology Application Industry based on its Carbon Footprint

民用核技术目前已广泛应用于农业、工业、公共安全、公众健康、环境保护等领域。作为战略新兴产业为促进传统产业转型升级、引领新的经济增长极、促进产业绿色发展指明了方向。本文从碳足迹的角度出发,遵循生命周期分析法(LCA法)的基本核算内容,测算民用核技术应用产业主要环节的碳排放情况。并通过SPSS软件计算出全国(除西藏、香港、澳门和台湾地区)2000–2019年近20年碳排放的极小值、极大值和均值,采用Min-Max归一法计算二氧化碳排放量。然后将民用核技术产业每消耗一个能源所产生的碳排放情况与全国每消耗一个能源可能产生的碳排放情况进行对比分析,发现民用核技术应用产业在其整个生命周期中排放总量较小,但是其产值相对较大,属于环境友好型产业,顺应了低碳发展、清洁生产、绿色发展的趋势,符合经济发展要求,有利于促进碳达峰碳中和目标的实现。鉴于此,为促进民用核技术应用产业发展,各部门应统一认识,成立专门的工作协调机制,积极争取相关政策支持;发挥自身优势,将各项制度政策落实到位,增加项目数量,提升项目质量;推进民用核技术应用产业“内循环”发展,同时拓展海外市场,打造“外循环”高地。

Civil nuclear technology has been widely used in agriculture,industry,public safety,public health,environmental protection and other fields.As an emerging strategic industry,it has guided the direction for promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries,leading to a new pole of economic growth and promoting the green development of industries.From the point of view of the carbon footprint,this study calculated the carbon emission of the civil nuclear technology application industry according to the basic accounting content of life cycle analysis(LCA).The minima,maxima and means of the carbon emission status of China(excluding Tibet,Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan)from 2000 to 2019 were calculated using SPSS Software,and the carbon dioxide emissions were calculated by the Min-Max normalization method.We then compared the carbon emissions of each type of energy consumed by the civil nuclear industry with the carbon emissions of each of the carbon emission status of China.This comparison showed that the total emission of the civil nuclear technology application industry is small over its whole life cycle,but its output value is relatively large,so it is an environmentally-friendly industry which conforms to the trend of low-carbon development,clean production and green development.These features are in line with the requirements of economic development,so it is conducive to promoting the achievement of carbon peak carbon neutrality.In view of this,in order to further promote the development of the civil nuclear technology application industry,all departments should have a unified understanding,set up a special working coordination mechanism,actively seek the relevant policy support from their superiors,give full play to their own advantages and conduct regular inspections.In addition,we will put in place systems and policies to attract more and better projects,increase the number and improve the quality of projects,promote the“Inner Circle”development of the civil nuclear technology application industry,and expand overseas markets,in order to create an“Outer circulation”highland.