中国乡村治理示范村镇空间分布格局及影响因素研究

The Spatial Distribution Pattern and Influencing Factors of Rural Governance Demonstration Villages and Towns in China

村镇治理是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的基本要求,关乎国家乡村振兴战略的实施和国家治理现代化目标的实现。本文以全国2189个乡村治理示范村镇为研究对象,综合运用最邻近点指数法、核密度估计法、网格维数分析法、空间自相关分析法,探索乡村治理示范村镇的空间分布结构与影响因素。研究表明:全国乡村治理示范村镇空间分布趋于集聚分布,空间分异较为明显;乡村治理示范村镇核密度分析在空间上呈现出多个核中心,以及由核中心向四周递减扩散而形成的呈带状分布的次级中心的分布格局;乡村治理示范村镇系统具有明显无标度区,分形特征显著;乡村治理示范村镇空间分布主要受自然和人文因素影响明显,其中自然因素中地形地貌和湖泊水系是主要影响因素;人文因素中社会经济、交通、民族文化是主要影响因素,人口分布的影响不显著。

Rural governance is the basic requirement for promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity,so it is closely related to the implementation of the national rural revitalization strategy and the realization of the modernization goal of national governance.Taking 2189 rural governance demonstration villages and towns in China as the research object,the spatial distribution structure and influencing factors of rural governance demonstration villages and towns were explored in this study by using the nearest neighbor index method,the kernel density estimation method,the grid dimension analysis method and the spatial autocorrelation analysis method.The results show that the spatial distribution of rural governance demonstration villages and towns in China tends to be clustered,and the spatial differentiation is obvious.The analysis of kernel density in the rural governance demonstration villages and towns presents a number of kernel centers in space,and the distribution pattern of secondary centers is in the form of a belt distribution,which is formed by decreasing and spreading around the surrounding kernel centers.The rural governance demonstration village and town system features obvious scale-free areas and fractal characteristics.The spatial distribution of the rural governance demonstration villages and towns is mainly influenced by natural and cultural factors,among which,the topography and lake water systems are the main influencing factors.Among the humanistic factors,the social economy,transportation and national culture are the main influencing factors,while the influence of population distribution is not significant.