未成年人保护行政公益诉讼反思与实践进路

Reflection and practical Approach to administrative Public Interest Litigation for the Protection of Minors

法律保护的强制性决定了未成年人保护的有效性。在国家亲权理论影响下,未成年人保护理论主张将未成年人保护纳入公益诉讼范围,并以国家保护义务为基础建立未成年人保护法律体系,应运而生的未成年人行政公益诉讼制度是新时代以来党和国家对未成年人保护之法律保护的积极探索,是我国公益诉讼制度的创新发展,客观上也是促进行政机关依法行政的重要举措。然而,未成年人保护从主观诉讼迈向客观诉讼的过程中,由于立法技术问题,使得未成年人保护行政公益诉讼制度在不同法律规范间缺乏有效衔接,影响了未成年人行政公益诉讼制度的社会实效。对此,应该积极探索未成年人行政公益诉讼受案范围、扩大受案信息来源,在现有法律法规的基础之上,创新办案方法,真正使公益诉讼制度成为未成年人健康成长的庇护者。

The mandatory nature of legal protection determines the effectiveness of the protection of minors.Under the influence of the Parens patriae theory,the theory of juvenile protection advocates that the protection of minors should be included in the scope of public interest litigation,and the legal system of juvenile protection should be established based on the national protection obligation,Objectively,it is also an important measure to promote the lawful administration of administrative organs.However,in the process of transitioning from subjective litigation to objective litigation,due to legislative technical issues,the administrative public interest litigation system for the protection of minors lacks effective connection between different legal norms,which affects the social effectiveness of the administrative public interest litigation system for minors.In this regard,it is necessary to actively explore the scope of accepting cases of administrative public interest litigation for minors,expand the sources of receiving information,innovate case handling methods based on existing laws and regulations,and truly make the public interest litigation system a protector for the healthy growth of minors.