近代江南庙会演剧俗例探析

On the Performance Custom of Temple Fair of Jiangnan in Modern Times

庙会演剧俗例是江南礼俗社会的表征,需在生活与信仰的转换关系中予以理解。承续庙会传统而来的春祈秋报俗例,则显现为民众观剧生活的岁时节律,其以近代江南农事节奏为基础,旨在沟通人神关系。年复一年,面对不菲的庙会演戏费用,江南民众均视为酬神供献,竭力循例捐输,而不论临时款项筹集还是固定经费动用。江南各地庙会演剧往往援照旧例,以适应特定地方的自然-人文环境。对庙会演剧俗例的复杂性及其风俗特质的揭示,凸显了近代江南社会的礼俗生活结构和日常运行机制。

Performance custom of temple fair is the representation of Jiangnan etiquette and custom society,which needs to be interpreted within the transformational relation of daily life and belief.The custom of praying in spring and offering thanks in fall,carries forward the conventional temple fair life,which shows that,synchronizing the modern Jiangnan farming pace,the annual rhythm of people watching operas actualizes the communication among people and gods.When the time comes,year after year,no matter the cost is temporary or regular,folks in Jiangnan see it as the contribution to gods and dedicates devotionally.Temple fair performances in different parts of Jiangnan follow the tradition to adapt specific natural-cultural environment as the distinctive cases that broaden the space-time extension of the custom.The revelation of the complexity and the characteristic of performing custom convention highlights the structure of etiquette and custom life and daily operation mechanism of modern Jiangnan society.