中国生态文明发展的空间关联网络及其空间收敛特征

Spatial correlation network and spatial convergence of eco-civilization development in China

【目的】旨在明晰区域间生态文明发展的空间关系,为推动区域生态文明高质量协调发展提供参考依据。【方法】在定量测度生态文明发展水平的基础上,运用基于修正引力模型的社会网络分析法和动态空间杜宾模型,研究了中国生态文明发展的空间关联网络结构特征及其空间收敛性。【结果】①整体网络结构特征显示,中国生态文明发展空间关联的网络通达性及其溢出效应呈现多重叠加态势,省际间关联度提升,网络稳定性提高,呈现出“核心-边缘”圈层式复杂网络结构形态。②个体网络结构特征显示,江苏、山东和河南等省份在网络中处于核心主导地位,并发挥“中枢”和“桥梁”的作用。③内部交互特征显示,西部地区省份所在板块是网络中要素的主要溢出方;而东中部地区省份所在板块是要素的主要受益方,且在生态文明发展过程中所起的极化作用大于扩散作用。④全国、分维度及分地区生态文明发展均存在绝对与条件β空间收敛,收敛速度呈“中-西-东”递减格局。⑤考虑空间网络外部性后,全国收敛加速且周期缩短,但各地表现不一,网络外部性对生态文明发展水平较低的中西部地区空间收敛的加速效应较东部更明显;市场化、技术创新、产业结构等因素对生态文明发展空间收敛的影响存在显著空间异质性。【结论】中国生态文明发展空间关联的紧密程度仍有较大提升空间,亟需健全全国统一的生态环境要素市场,加强区域间生态合作,提高板块间联动效应,强化跨区域网络效应,促进生态文明协同发展。

[Objective]This study aimed to clarify the spatial relationship between regions for the eco-civilization development and provide a reference for promoting the high-quality coordinated development of regional eco-civilization.[Methods]In this study,the eco-civilization development of provincial-level regions in China from 2010 to 2020 was measured by using the time space range entropy weight method.With the help of social network analysis based on the modified gravity model and dynamic spatial Durbin model,the spatial convergence and spatial correlation network of China’s eco-civilization development were analyzed.[Results](1)Overall network structure characteristics showed that network accessibility of eco-civilization development and the multiple superposition of its spillover effects were obvious,the inter-provincial correlation degree and network stability were improved,showing a complex network structure of core-periphery form.(2)Individual network structure characteristics showed that the provinces of Jiangsu,Shandong,and Henan were at the core of the network and played the role of“hubs”and“bridges”.(3)The internal interaction characteristics showed that the areas in the western provinces were the main spillover parties of the elements in the network,while the areas in the eastern-central provinces were the main beneficiaries of the elements,and the polarization role in the development process of ecocivilization was greater than the diffusion role.(4)There existed absolute and conditionalβspatial convergence of eco-civilization development in China as well as in all dimensions and its three regions,with different rates of convergence and a decreasing rate from the central region to the western region,followed by the eastern region.(5)The acceleration effect of spatial network externalities on convergence in low-level central and western regions were more obvious.Marketization,technological innovation,and industrial structure factors were important driving mechanisms affecting the convergence of eco-civilization development,but there was significant spatial heterogeneity.[Conclusion]There is still much room for improving the closeness of the spatial correlation of China’s eco-civilization development,and it is urgent to improve the national unified ecological and environmental factors market,strengthen inter-regional ecological cooperation,improve the linkage effect between plates,and strengthen the trans-regional network effect,so as to promote the coordinated development of eco-civilization.