单胎妊娠孕妇胎儿宫内发育迟缓的影响因素分析

Analysis of the influencing factors of intrauterine growth retardation in single pregnancy pregnant women

目的探讨单胎妊娠孕妇胎儿宫内发育迟缓的影响因素。方法回顾性选取本院产科分娩低于同孕龄胎儿体质量第10百分位数的42名孕妇为胎儿宫内发育迟缓组,按照1:2原则随机选取分娩在孕龄胎儿体质量范围内的84名孕妇为胎儿宫内发育正常组。收集两组资料,分析单胎妊娠孕妇胎儿宫内发育迟缓的影响因素。结果多因素分析结果表明,参加孕期培训次数多是单胎妊娠孕妇胎儿宫内发育迟缓的保护因素(P<0.05);孕期增重不足、妊娠期高血压疾病、羊水量过少、产前脐动脉血流收缩期流速/舒张期末流速高是单胎妊娠孕妇胎儿宫内发育迟缓的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论单胎妊娠孕妇胎儿宫内发育迟缓与参加孕期培训次数、孕期增重、妊娠期高血压疾病、羊水量、脐动脉血流收缩期流速/舒张期末流速有关。临床需重视这些影响因素,加强健康宣教,督促孕妇积极参加孕期培训并定期产检,以减少胎儿宫内发育迟缓的发生风险。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of intrauterine growth retardation in single pregnancy pregnant women.Methods 42 pregnant women whose obstetric delivery was lower than the 10th percentile of fetal body mass of the same gestational age in our hospital were retrospectively selected as intrauterine growth retardation group,and 84 pregnant women whose delivery was within the range of fetal body mass of gestational age were randomly selected as intrauterine growth normal group according to the principle of 1:2.collect two sets of data to analyze the influencing factors of intrauterine growth retardation in single pregnancy pregnant women.Results Multifactorial analysis showed that attending more prenatal training was a protective factor for intrauterine growth retardation in single pregnancy women(P<0.05);Insufficient weight gain during pregnancy,gestational hypertension,oligohydramnios,and high systolic/diastolic flow velocity of prenatal umbilical artery blood flow are risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation in single pregnancy(P<0.05).Conclusion Intrauterine growth retardation in single pregnancy pregnant women is related to the frequency of pregnancy training,weight gain during pregnancy,gestational hypertension,amniotic fluid volume,and systolic/diastolic end flow velocity of umbilical artery blood flow.Clinical attention should be paid to these influencing factors,health education should be strengthened,and pregnant women should be urged to actively participate in pregnancy training and regular prenatal examinations to reduce the risk of fetal intrauterine growth retardation.