某医学院一年级学生营养知识与态度现状及其与体格指标的相关分析

Status quo of nutrition knowledge and attitudes of freshmen in a medical college and its correlation with physical indicators

目的了解医学生营养知识、营养态度得分情况及其与体格指标的关联,探讨影响因素,为开展医学生营养教育提供参考依据。方法采用整体随机抽样方法抽取江西省某高校261名医学生,对身高、体重、腰围等指标进行检测。自行设计问卷调查学生基本资料、营养知识和营养态度。统计分析营养知识与营养态度得分情况及影响因素。结果学生营养知识得分为(86.55±12.20)分,营养态度(64.97±13.55)分。营养知识及格组的学生营养态度得分为(65.23±13.42)分,高于不及格组的(51.60±15.13)分(t=2.244,t=0.026)。男生营养知识得分为(89.31±11.51)分,高于女生的(83.77±12.28)分(t=3.761,P<0.001);各专业组间得分有差异(F=4.684,P=0.003);月均饮食支出各组间得分有差异(Z=7.280,P=0.026),其中600~1199元组得分高于≥1200元组。营养知识得分与腰臀比呈正相关(r=0.254,P<0.001),营养态度得分与BMI呈负相关(r=-0.131,P=0.034)。结论医学生营养知识与性别、专业、月饮食支出、腰臀比等因素有关,营养态度得分普遍较低,与BMI负相关。

Objective To learn the scores of nutritional knowledge and attitudes of medical students and their relationship with physical indicators,and explore the influencing factors,so as to provide reference for carrying out nutritional education for medical students.Methods A total of 261 medical students from a university in Jiangxi Province were selected by the overall random sampling method,and the height,weight,waist circumference and other indicators of the students were tested.A self-designed questionnaire was designed to investigate students’basic information,nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitudes.The scores of nutrition knowledge and attitudes and the influencing factors were statistically analyzed.Results The average scores of nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitudes of student were(86.55±12.20)and(64.97±13.55)respectively.The average nutritional attitude score of the students in the passing group was(65.23±13.42),which was higher than those of the failing group:(51.60±15.13)(t=2.244,P=0.026).The average score of nutrition knowledge in boys was(89.31±11.51),which was higher than that in girls:(83.77±12.28)(t=3.761,P<0.001).There were differences in average scores among different professional groups(F=4.684,P=0.003).There were differences in the scores of average monthly dietary expenditures among different groups(Z=7.280,P=0.026),and among which,the score of 600-1199 yuan group was higher than that of≥1200 yuan group.The average score of nutritional knowledge was positively correlated with waist-hip ratio(r=0.254,P<0.001),while the average score of nutritional attitudes was negatively correlated with body mass index(BMI)(r=-0.131,P=0.034).Conclusion The nutritional knowledge of medical students is related to gender,major,monthly dietary expenditure,waist-hip ratio and other factors.The score of nutritional attitudes is generally low and negatively related to BMI.