2016—2021年上海市崇明区学校流感流行病学特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of school influenza outbreaks in Chongming District,Shanghai City,2016—2021

目的了解上海市崇明区学校流感暴发疫情的流行特征,为今后防控学校流感暴发疫情提供科学依据。方法收集2016—2021年中国流感监测信息系统中报告的崇明区学校流感暴发疫情相关资料,进行描述流行病学分析。结果2016—2021年崇明区共报告学校流感暴发疫情9起,累计发病160例,波及人数5056人,发病率为3.16%(160/5056)。暴发疫情主要发生在1月和12月。8起疫情主要发生在小学。病原学类型以B型Victoria系为主,其次是A型H1N1(2起)和H3N2(2起)。疾控介入天数与疫情持续时间呈正相关(r=0.836,P=0.005)。结论崇明区学校流感暴发疫情高危场所为小学,冬春季易发,及早采取有效的防控措施是预防学校流感暴发的关键。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of school influenza outbreaks in Chongming District,Shanghai City,so as to provide scientific evidence for the control and prevention of influenza in the future.Methods The relevant data of school influenza outbreaks reported from the Influenza Surveillance Information System of China from 2016 to 2021 were collected and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological analysis method.Results From 2016 to 2021,a total of 9 school influenza outbreaks were reported in Chongming District,and 160 patients were involved,affecting 5056 people,and the incidence rate was 3.16%(160/5056).The outbreaks occurred mainly in January and December,and 8 outbreaks occurred mainly in primary schools.The main influenza viruses that caused influenza outbreaks were B/Victoria,followed by influenza A/H1N1(2 outbreaks)and A/H3N2(2 outbreaks).The duration of the epidemic was positively correlated with the days the CDC intervened(r=0.836,P=0.005).Conclusion The high-risk place for school influenza outbreaks in Chongming District are primary schools,which are prone to outbreaks in winter and spring,and early and effective prevention and control measures are the key to preventing school influenza outbreaks.