慢性皮肤黏膜念珠菌病的免疫致病机制及新型治疗方法

Review of immunopathogenesis and new treatment of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

慢性皮肤黏膜念珠菌病(chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis,CMC)的特征表现为皮肤、指甲及黏膜(如口腔、食道及阴道)对念珠菌反复或持续感染。CMC病例多散发并继发于其他基础疾病,例如人类免疫缺陷病毒感染导致T细胞免疫缺陷、糖尿病(diabetes mellitus)、接受免疫抑制治疗及类固醇疗法等。家族性遗传性CMC十分罕见,疾病原发于先天性免疫缺陷,2015年国际免疫协会专家委员会将其归类为原发性免疫缺陷病。该文旨在探讨已发现的CMC先天免疫缺陷机制及基于此的多种传统或新型疗法。

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis(CMC)is characterized by repeated or persistent infections by Candida albicans of skin,nail and mucous membranes(such as mouth,esophagus and vagina).CMC cases are mostly sporadic and secondary to other diseases,such as T-cell immunodeficiency caused by human immunodeficiency virus infection,diabetes,receiving immunosuppressive therapy or steroid therapy,etc.Familial hereditary CMC is quite rare,and is caused by congenital immunodeficiency.In 2015,it was classified as primary immunodeficiency disease by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee.This article reviewed the mechanisms of congenital immune deficiency in CMC and various traditional or novel treatment based on them.