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烟稻轮作条件下有机肥施用时期对烤烟碳氮代谢的影响 被引量:1

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application Period on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Flue-cured Tobacco Under Tobacco-Rice Rotation
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摘要 为了完善烟稻轮作烟区养分管理和促进烤烟生长后期烟叶“养熟”措施优化,通过大田试验,在水稻季和烤烟季设置T1(烤烟季水稻季都施用纯化肥)、T2(烤烟季化肥+饼肥,水稻季纯化肥)、T3(烤烟季纯化肥,水稻季化肥+饼肥)、T4(烤烟季水稻季都施用化肥+饼肥)4种施肥处理,研究烟稻轮作烟田不同作物季施用有机肥对烟株生长后期光合特性、荧光特性以及碳氮代谢关键酶活性的影响。结果表明,施用饼肥处理各项指标均比2季都施用纯化肥处理好,饼肥在烤烟当季施用比水稻季施用对烟株生理效应更好,烟稻2季均施用化肥+饼肥处理对烟株生理效应最好,T4处理总叶绿素含量较T2、T3、T1处理分别增加15.0%、26.6%、45.3%,T4处理净光合速率较T2、T3、T1处理分别增加13.3%、36.1%、66.0%。烟稻2季均化肥饼肥配施能更显著的提高光合速率,促进光合产物的转化以及维持氮代谢水平,保证烤烟生长后期烟株体内各种代谢过程的顺利进行,更有利于烟叶在田间“养熟”和优质烟叶的品质形成,从而提高烟农收益。 To improve nutrient management and promote natural leaf ripening of flue-cured tobacco in tobacco-rice rotation area,a field experiment was designed and 4 fertilization treatments including T1(chemical fertilizer applied in both rice season and flue-cured tobacco season),T2(chemical fertilizer+rapeseed cake fertilizer in flue-cured tobacco season,chemical fertilizer in rice season),T3(chemical fertilizer applied in flue-cured tobacco season,chemical fertilizer+rapeseed cake fertilizer applied in rice season)and T4(chemical fertilizer+rapeseed fertilizer applied in both rice season and flue-cured tobacco season)were set in both rice and flue-cured tobacco season.The effects of organic fertilizer application on photosynthesis,fluorescence characteristics and activities of key enzymes in carbon and nitrogen metabolism of tobacco plants were studied.The results showed that all the indexes of tobacco plant applying rapeseed cake fertilizer were better than those applied chemical fertilizer in both seasons,and the physiological effects of tobacco plant treated with cake fertilizer in the current tobacco season were better than those in the rice season,and the physiological effect of tobacco plant treated with cake fertilizer in both tobacco and rice seasons was the best.Compared with T2,T3 and T1,the total chlorophyll content in T4 treatment increased by 15.0%,26.6%and 45.3%,and the net photosynthetic rate in T4 treatment increased by 13.3%,36.1%and 66.0%,respectively.The combined application of chemical and cake fertilizer in both tobacco and rice seasons could significantly increase the photosynthetic rate,promote the transformation of photosynthetic products and maintain the nitrogen metabolism level,ensure the smooth progress of various metabolic processes in tobacco plant at the late growth stage,and be more conducive to the normal mature of tobacco leaves in the field,improve tobacco curing characteristics,and promote the formation of high quality tobacco leaves,increase the income of tobacco farmers.
作者 高静娟 朱晨宇 柯玉琴 郑朝元 李春英 李文卿 GAO Jingjuan;ZHU Chenyu;KE Yuqin;ZHENG Chaoyuan;LI Chunying;LI Wenqing(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,International Magnesium Institute,Fujian Agriculture and ForestryUniversity,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Tobacco Science Institute,Fujian Provincial Tobacco Monopoly Administration,Fuzhou 350013,China)
出处 《中国农业科技导报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第9期157-165,共9页 Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
基金 中国烟草总公司科技项目(110201902002) 福建省烟草专卖局项目(闽烟合同〔2014〕185号)。
关键词 烟稻轮作 有机肥 碳氮代谢 光合作用 荧光特性 tobacco-rice rotation organic fertilizer carbon and nitrogen metabolism photosynthesis fluorescent characteristic
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