中华神话叙事的包容性与中华民族多元一体的生成

The Inclusiveness of Chinese Mythological Narratives and the Formation of Chinese Nation's Diversity in Unity

神话神圣叙事的复合性与谱系性,具有表现矛盾与融解矛盾的双重功能,神话的认同一定程度上与民族认同同步。神话叙事具有普遍性与未来性,是民众的智慧结晶,促进各族人民归依优秀传统。中华神话的包容性是融解矛盾的根本原因,理性继承神话传统既保持了中华传统的持续性与不间断性,也铸就了中华神话的博大气概。延续万年的太阳神话,是今天中国文化遗产的标志。延续八千年的龙神话,经过夏商周三代的传承,奠定了多元一体文化的基础。夏王朝坚持龙文化主体,保留多元神话格局;商文化本是鸟文化主体又继承了龙神话叙事;周文化更以“四灵”叙事实现了中华神话的谱系性构成。中华神话叙事的包容性是多元一体共同体持续强大的基础,多元一体的制度框架与叙事模式,更是中华民族发展的制度性动力。

The complexity and genealogy of mythological narratives have the dual functions of revealing and resolving contradictions.Mythological identification is synchronized with national identification to some extent.The universality and futurity of mythological narratives,owing to the fine qualities achieved through their crystallization of wisdom,make it possible for all ethnic groups to adhere to excellent traditions.The inclusiveness of Chinese myths is the fundamental reason for resolving contradictions.The rational inheritance of mythological traditions has maintained the continuity and uninterruptedness of Chinese traditions,and also shaped the open-mindedness of Chinese myths.The 10,000-year-old mythology of the sun is now the symbol of China's cultural heritage.The 8,000-year-old myth of the dragon,inherited through the Xia,Shang and Zhou dynasties,laid the foundation for the diverse and unified culture.The Xia dynasty adhered to the subject of dragon culture while retaining a diverse mythological pattern.The Shang culture was originally subject to bird culture,but inherited the dragon mythological narrative.The Zhou culture further achieved the genealogical constitution of Chinese myths through the"four-spirit"narrative.The inclusiveness of Chinese mythological narratives is the basis for the continuous strength of the diverse and unified community.The institutional framework and narrative model of diversity in unity is also the institutional impetus for the development of the Chinese nation.