非洲自主发展背景下西方大国参与非洲治理的新特点及其成效

New Features and Effects of Western Powers Participating in African Governance under the Background of Africa's Independent Development

世界之变、时代之变、历史之变引发全球秩序的深度调整,非洲发展面临的国际环境更为复杂,区域治理的重要性日益凸显。近年来,在世纪疫情叠加乌克兰危机的冲击下,非洲区域组织与地区国家更加追求自主发展,自主治理的意识和能力都有所增强。作为非洲治理传统参与方的西方大国,面临来自非洲、新兴大国及自身的多重压力,正逐步调整其参与非洲治理的理念、议题、机制与方式,非洲治理遂进入内部团结追求自主与外部参与博弈加剧的调适期。从抗击新冠肺炎疫情、建设非洲大陆自贸区、应对军事政变回潮以及打击西非恐怖主义势力4个典型案例可以看出,在非洲自主发展意识增强的背景下,西方大国作为非洲治理的参与方,如尊重非洲国家对于治理的主导权且协同配合,可提升其治理参与效能;而基于自身战略利益考量,实施利己干预非洲治理行为,则会产生诸多负面影响。

Changes in the world,times,and history have triggered in-depth adjustments in the global order.Africa's development is facing a more complex international environment,and the importance of regional governance has been highlighted.Under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukraine crisis,African regional organizations and countries are pursuing more independent development,and their awareness and capability of independent governance have increased.In recent years,Western powers,as traditional participants in African governance,are facing multiple pressures from Africa,emerging powers,and themselves.They are gradually adjusting their ideas,topics,mechanisms,and methods of participating in African governance.African governance has thus entered an adjustment period in which internal unity,pursuit of autonomy and external participation intensify.From the four typical cases of fighting against COVID-19pandemic,constructing AfC FTA,responding to the resurgence of military coups,and combating terrorism in West Africa,it can be seen that in the context of Africa's increased awareness of independent development,Western powers as participants in African governance,if they respect the governance leadership of African countries and cooperate with each other,can enhance the effectiveness of their participation in governance.However,based on the consideration of the strategic interests of Western powers,self-interested intervention in African governance will have many negative effects.