中国式现代化的中国特色--基于现代化的独异性视角分析

The Chinese Characteristics of Chinese Modernization--An Analysis from the Perspective of the Singularities of Modernization

中国式现代化是中国现代化的阶段性目标,是完成中国现代化的必由之路。“中国式现代化”的表达是在中国现代化的中国特色与各国现代化的普遍性的交互角度中获得定位的。从中国之为中国、中国的现代化之为中国式现代化的特定视角看,中国式现代化的中国特色可以说是现代化的独异性在中国场域中的反映。从现代化历程来看,无论是先发现代化国家还是后发现代化国家,在现代化的初期阶段都表现出一定的普遍性或共性,但随着现代化的发展尤其是文化因素的突显与导引越发呈现各自的独异性特征。独异性不同于特殊性,更强调现代化的独有特质,成为各国现代化的普遍现象。党的二十大报告归纳的中国式现代化的五个特征和一个本质要求,共同体现了中国式现代化的中国特色。但这五个方面性的特征和一个集中化的论断(本质要求),也不是在同一程度上体现中国式现代化的中国特色及其背后的独异性特点。相对而言,最能体现中国式现代化中国特色的是中国式现代化的本质要求,尤其是“坚持中国共产党领导”。而中国式现代化的中国特色是与中国国情的独异性相联系的。中国式现代化作为具有独异性特点的现代化,需要在各国现代化的普遍性中对之进行准确理解,以便理解中国式现代化独一无二的特征和卓尔不群的追求。

Chinese modernization is a phased goal of China’s modernization and a necessary path to complete China’s modernization.The expression of“Chinese modernization”is positioned within the con-text of the Chinese characteristics and the universal characteristics of modernization among various coun-tries.From the specific perspective of China as a particular country and China’s modernization as Chinese modernization,the Chinese characteristics of Chinese modernization can be said to reflect the singularities of modernization in the Chinese field.Seen from the course of modernization,whether the first starts mod-ernization country or the later starts modernization country,it shows certain universality or commonness in the initial stage of modernization,however,with the development of modernization,especially the promi-nence and guidance of cultural factors have shown their singularities.The singularity is different from the particularity and emphasizes the unique characteristic of modernization,which has become a universal phe-nomenon of modernization in various countries.The five characteristics and an essential requirements of Chinese modernization summarized in the report of the 20th national congress of the CPC jointly embody the Chinese characteristics of Chinese modernization.These six aspects or expressions of the singularities of Chinese modernization do not necessarily embody their singularities to the same degree.Relatively speak-ing,the most unique degree of Chinese modernization is the nature requirements of Chinese modernization,especially“adhere to the leadership of the CPC”.The Chinese characteristics of Chinese modernization are related to the uniqueness of China’s national conditions.Chinese modernization as an unique characteris-tics of modernization,it needs to be accurately understood in the context of the universality of modernization in all countries,in order to understand the understanding characteristics and outstanding pursuit of Chinese modernization.