网络暴力犯罪的刑事法治理

Criminal Law Governance of Cyber Violence Crime

网络暴力犯罪不是规范意义上的刑法学概念,而是一类犯罪现象的统称,其本质是网络言语信息类暴力犯罪。网络暴力犯罪应与其他言语信息型网络犯罪和网下暴力犯罪进行区分,以准确界定其内涵范围。网络暴力犯罪的行为类型主要有四种,即谩骂侮辱型、造谣诽谤型、泄露隐私型和寻衅滋事型。网络暴力犯罪的惩治存在刑法适用和刑事追诉的双重困境,需要做出有针对性的回应。虽然《惩治网络暴力意见(征求稿)》对相关问题进行了回应,但仍需进一步完善:进一步明确典型网络暴力犯罪的刑法适用;修改相关法律,畅通侮辱、诽谤型网络暴力犯罪案件刑事追诉的程序;强化网络服务提供者的刑事责任等,从而更好地惩治网络暴力犯罪。

Cyberviolence crime is not a criminal law concept in the normative sense,but a collective term for a class of criminal phenomena,the essence of which is online verbal information-based violent crime.Cyber violence crime should be distinguished from other verbal information-based cyber crimes and offline violence crimes in order to accurately define the scope of its connotation.There are four main types of behavioral types of cyberviolence crimes,namely,verbal abuse and insults,rumor-mongering and defamation,disclosure of privacy and provocation.The punishment of cyber violence crimes has the dual dilemma of criminal law application and criminal prosecution,requiring a targeted response.Although the Opinions on Punishing Cyber Violence(Draft for Solicitation)responds to the relevant issues,it still needs to be further improved:further clarifying the application of criminal law to typical cyber violence crimes;amending the relevant laws to smooth out the procedures of criminal recourse in cases of insulting and defamatory types of cyber violence crimes;and reinforcing the criminal liability of network service providers,etc.,so as to better punish cyber violence crimes.