木材渗透性及其物理改善方法研究进展

Research Progress in Wood Permeability and Its Physical Methods for Improvement

木材是绿色环保可再生材料,固碳、降碳优势明显;但部分木材渗透性差,极大制约了木材的干燥、改性、浸渍处理等后续加工。改善木材渗透性可以节省加工成本,降低加工难度,有效提高木材的性能和功能。木材渗透性的物理改性方法是指通过外力破坏木材的薄弱结构,因其属于环境友好型且效率较高,近些年的研究也相对较多。文中总结了木材渗透性的影响因素(木材结构、加工工艺、流体性质)及改性方法,重点阐述了近几年研究较多的微波处理、超临界CO_(2)处理、超声波处理等物理改性方法的机理及研究进展,分析比较了不同物理改性方法之间的差异和研究中存在的问题,最后指出未来关于木材渗透性物理改性方法研究的潜在领域及发展方向,以期为木材渗透性改善技术的后续研究和应用提供参考。

As green and renewable material,wood has significant advantages in carbon fixation and carbon reduction.However,the permeability of some wood is low,which greatly restricts the subsequent processing of wood,such as drying,modification and impregnation treatment.Improving wood permeability can save processing costs,reduce the difficulty in processing,and improve the quality and function of wood.The physical modification of wood permeability refers to destroying the weak structure of wood by external forces,which is environmentally friendly and highly efficient.Therefore,there are relatively many studies of the method in recent years.In this paper,the influencing factors to wood permeability(wood structure,processing technology and fluid properties)and the modification methods are summarized,with the focus on the mechanism of physical modification methods such as microwave treatment,supercritical CO_(2) treatment and ultrasonic treatment and their research progress.Then the differences between different physical modification methods and the existing problems in the research are analyzed and compared,and the potential field of the research on the physical modification methods of wood permeability and its development direction are discussed,with the aim to provide references for subsequent research and application of wood permeability improvement technology.