基于国家公园建设的中国林业文化遗产保护探析

Conservation of Forestry Cultural Heritage Based on National Park Constructionin China

从国家公园建设的背景和实践出发,探讨林业文化遗产保护问题,对生态文明建设以及自然保护事业的发展具有重要意义。文中分析中国国家公园建设与林业文化遗产保护的关系,梳理国外国家公园建设中林业文化遗产保护的经验,提出了中国国家公园建设中林业文化遗产的保护策略。中国国家公园建设在根基保护、科学布局、管理优化3个方面为林业文化遗产保护带来了良好机遇;而林业文化遗产保护有利于国家公园中的产业发展、文化传承以及社区和谐,进而可以促进国家公园健康发展。国外国家公园建设中林业文化遗产保护的经验主要包括进行文化遗产清查和评估、支持传统林业产业发展、将文化遗产保护与原住居民权益融合以及借助国家公园名片塑造林业文化遗产品牌。在中国国家公园建设过程中林业文化遗产保护可结合实情并借鉴国外经验,从制度性保护、生产性保护、生活性保护以及教育性保护4个方面入手和实施。

In view of the background and practices of national park construction,discussing the issues of forestry cultural heritage protection is of great significance for ecological civilization development and nature conservation.The paper analyzes the relationship between national park construction and forestry cultural heritage protection in China,reviews the experiences of foreign countries in forestry cultural heritage protection during their construction of national park,and proposes the strategies for China's forestry cultural heritage protection in national park.The national park construction in China provides good opportunities for the protection of forestry cultural heritage in terms of fundamental protection,scientific layout and optimized management,while the protection of forestry cultural heritage can contribute to the development of industries,cultural inheritance,community harmony in national parks,thus promoting the healthy development of national parks.Foreign countries have gained experiences in conducting cultural heritage survey and assessment,supporting the development of traditional forestry industries,integrating cultural heritage protection with the rights and interests of indigenous peoples,and shaping the forestry cultural heritage brand with the visiting card of national park.The forestry cultural heritage in China's national park can be protected from institutional,productive,livelihood and educational aspects by considering the actual situation and drawing lessons from foreign experience.